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•Culture in its broadest sense is cultivated behavior, that is the totally of a person’s learned, accumulated experience that is socially transmitted, or more briefly behavior through social learning.

•A culture is a way of life of a group of people ---- the behavior, beliefs, values and symbols that they accept, generally without thinking about them, and that are passed along by communication and imitation from one generation to the next.

2.2 The Definition of Image

Many poets in ancient China are specialized in creating vivid images through words, which make their works to be a highly valued art. Therefore in the analysis and appreciation of poetry, the image occupies an important place. Here first, we have to make clear the meaning of the term.

The word “image” is used here as an equivalence to the Chinese word “Yi xiang（意象）”. However, according to some statements made by both western and Chinese literary critics, “image” does not necessarily have as many implications as “Yi xiang” does.

In the west, “images” didn’t catch the literary figures’ attention until early 20th century. Imagist poets, such as Ezra Pound, Amy Lowell concentrated on the writer’s response to a visual object or scene by using vivid descriptions and metaphors. The noted imagism poet Ezra Pound (1885~1973) defined the image as “an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time”. He emphasized the concentration of intellectual and emotional content possible in a poetic image, though it mirrored only a brief moment of experience. Another noted poet T. S. Eliot (1886~1965) developed this notion into his principle of “objective correlative”: “The only way of expressing emotion in the form of art is by finding an ‘objective correlative’; in other words, a set of objects, a situation, a chain of events which, shall be the formula of that particular emotion, such that when the external acts, which must terminate in sensory experience, are given the emotion is immediately evoked.” (Chang Yaoxin, 1990)

From the above, we can find out what western critics stress is both the sensuous quality of the image and the spiritual experience it embodies. They attach great importance to the presentation of objective images in which they seek correlatives or equivalence to their emotions and experience. 

The focus on poetic image is a relatively late concern in the western literature, whereas in the case of China it occupies a central position from the earlier commentary literature.

Originating in Pre-Qin times, the theory of the image was first found in a philosophical work ---- Book of Change (Yi Jing, 易经). That book discloses the relation among “the concept in the mind” (Yi), “images” (Xiang) and “what is/ was said” (Yan). From the literary point of view, “images” are objects in nature or that relating to human life which can be regarded as materials for though; “the concept in the mind” (Yi) is the content of though, and “what is/ was said” (Yan) is the result of thought in written form. As we can see here, Chinese people believe that the inner can indeed be known from the outer manifestation. However, it was until Liu Xie 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。