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现象可以从以下两个方面进行解释。一方面,正如胡壮麟所说:当陈述的东西是广为人知的事实或常识时,很容易被听者或读者理解和证实,所以语言中便无需使用据素。从所选新闻的出处看,有些信息已为人们所熟悉,所以报道人就采用了零据素形式。例如所选的第二篇新闻报道:
‘The families of Fulton and Raver were in the courtroom yesterday to hear,at long last,the jury give its verdict:two death sentences•The victims were just 22 when their bodies were discovered Dec•6,1988,in a vacant lot along Hunter Mill Road•Raver had graduated the previous spring from George Washington University,and Fulton was a senior there and the captain of its varsity baseball team. (Fairfax Jury Calls ForTwo Death Sentences,http:∥www•washington•com)
这部分新闻报道采用了零据素形式,因为它没有涉及事件的内容,只是介绍一下法庭审判的背景,也许人们对此事件早已了解,或是从其他渠道已证实了这件事,所以报道人无需使用据素手段。
另一方面,跟报道人对所报道的事件态度有关。报道人使用零据素的目的是想体现报道的真实性和客观性,表明态度的不偏不倚。如:所选的第六篇新闻报道:
‘Harris was charged with possession of unregistered machine guns and silencers,aswell as possession of firearms by a convicted felon•He faced a maximum of 10 years in prison and a$250,000 fine for each count•’(T•I•Pleads Guilty to Weapons Charges,https:// www•wahingtonpost•com )
这篇新闻报道只是提供消息,而不体现报道人的态度。
但总的看来据素对新闻文体而言是不可或缺的,大量使用传闻据素是新闻报道的一大语体特征,这也是由新闻的特点决定的,新闻记者所报道的信息多数采集于事件发生的现场或来自被采访的当事人,所以记者有必要交待信息的来源以增加报道的客观性、真确性及可靠性。再者,在报道中我们常常会发现officials said,early results showed, Foreign Minister Masahiko Koumura declared that,Secr本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。