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pair part of an adjacency pair. The reason why the thesis paid special attention to the interruption, overlap and PR is that, after a thorough study on the transcript and video material of the Oprah Show, it was found that the frequent occurrence of interruption, overlap as well as the host’s good use of PR are some of the many means that the host employs in controlling and arranging the conversation, which help to build a hot conversation atmosphere and intimate relationship between the host and guest(s). As the master of the show, the host takes the main responsibility to guide and monitor the show. She may use some special strategies to claim, yield and hold a turn, to inspire the guests’ strong will to share or even confide their feelings and opinions. As a TV program, the time span is limited for each episode, so to make it more attractive, the content of the program--the exchange or conversation must be arranged in a compact and well-knitted way, the host needs to bring the guests’ initiative into play and let the audience in high spirits from time to time, which is so different from daily conversation in a natural setting. So the hosts’ use of some stimulating methods is inevitable, though sometimes they may not even be aware of that.

Finally, after summarizing all the findings that have been analyzed in detail, a conclusion will be made from a comprehensive angle.

For social purposes, the present study is an important aspect of studies on media communication, which is a sub-field in CA called institutional conversation. This thesis, as a study of the successful use of conversation strategies, will give inspiration to both hosts and guests. Hopefully, it will also benefit chief editors, sponsors in TV talk programs. Besides, English learners can also get insights into how to speak appropriate English and how to be an active communicator in institutional settings.

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Chapter 2 Literature Review  5

2.1 English TV Talk Shows  5

2.1.2 The Category and Features of English TV Talk Shows  6

2.1.3 Previous Studies on TV Talk Shows  8

2.1.4 An introduction of Oprah Winfrey Show  10

2.2 Introduction of Conversation Analysis (CA) 11

2.3 Turn-taking System  13

2.3.1 Key Factors of Turn-taking System  13

2.3.2 Turn-allocation Component  14

2.3.3 Interruption and Overlap   15

2.4 Adjacency Pair System and Preferred Response (PR)  17

2.4.1 Adjacency Pair System  17

2.4.2 Definition and explanation of PR   18

2.4.3 Classification of PR  21

Chapter 3 Research Methodology   22

3.1 Methodological Issues   22

3.2 Data Collection   24

3.3 Transcription Conventions  24

Chapter 4 Data Analysis and Results  26

4.1 Turn-taking   26

4.1.1 Turn-construction Components  26

4.1.2 Turn-allocation Components  28

4.2 Interruption and Overlap  35

4.2.1 Interruption  35

4.2.2 Overlap   38

4.3 Adjacency Pair and Preferred Response   40

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