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4.2.2.1  Thematic  Structure  and  Information  Distribution  in   the Constitution  40

4.2.2.2 Power Realization in Information Structure   40

4.3 The Low Frequency of Passive Voice in the Charter  43

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4.3.1 Power Relations among the Participants in the Charter

Generally speaking, the distribution of power power relations refer to unequal relations, but here it means among participants.

The Charter is one kind of international conventions. Therefore, it has common features of conventions. All participants signed conventions out of their own free wills, so  before  the  Agreements  come  into  force,  every member clearly  knows  the provisions of conventions. Therefore, different from domestic legislative discourses, all the members in conventions have the same social status. Theoretically speaking, there  is  no  compulsion  or  inequity  in  international  conventions  between  the contracting parties which is quite different from the situation in national law. Or it can be said that members in the Charter has equal power at least in form.

The Charter was made with the purposes of maintaining world peace and security, developing friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of  equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and promoting social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom. The organization and its members, in pursuit of the purposes stated in the Charter, shall act in accordance with the principles provided in the Charter. Therefore, all members shall perform their own obligations provided in the Charter.     The author observed that most regulations in the Charter employ the sentence structure as "Subject (including organizations and members)+shall/may (not)+verb +objects". For examples:

    Ex.4.23 "All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfill in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter."( Excerpt from the Charter, Article2,(2). Hereinafter referred to as Charter, Article X (X))

    Ex.4.24 "While the Security Council is exercising in respect of any dispute or situation the functions assigned to it in the present Charter, the General Assembly shall not make any recommendation with regard to that dispute or situation unless the Security Council so requests." (Charter, Article 12 (1))

Ex.4.25 "The Security Council shall determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of the peace, or act of decide what measures shall be tak aggression and shall make recommendations, or en  m accordance with Articles 41 and 42, to maintain or restore international peace and security." (Charter, Article 39)

Ex.4.26  "The  General Assembly  may  consider  the  general  principles  of co-operation in the maintenance of international peace and security, including the principles governing disarmament and the regulation of armaments, and may make 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。