英语论文网

ames downplay and even eliminate some aspects of the problem. (see Entman, 1993). This is the process of framing and clearly exhibit how framing constructs social reality and ‘structure our understanding of social phenomena' (Hertog and McLeod, 2001, p.142).

Case study—Thailand Red Shirt protests 2009-2010
Before doing framing analysis, it is important to pay attention to following points:
According to Hertog and McLeod (2001), although different frames consist of different inside structure, the most fundamental and vital approach is to find out the chief concepts constructing frames. Hertog and McLeod (2001) points out ‘A common feature at the core of most frames is a basic conflict' (147). Hertog and McLeod (2001) recommend focusing on the presentation, standpoint and opinion of the actors in that coverage and remind us to be aware of the news source because ‘the source chosen will structure the discussion' (p.148). Next, Hertog and McLeod (2001, p.148) suggests that every frame may have its own ‘narrative' and they regard the narratives as ‘powerful organizing devices' that arrange and classify a variety of ideas, opinions and discourse and so on. Although Hertog and McLeod (2001) acknowledge the great influence of narrative on framing analysis, they still observe ‘their very excess meaning and efficiency may make them hard to identify in text' (p.148). Additionally, as Hertog and McLeod write (2001) ‘each frame has its own vocabulary' (p.148). Therefore, to examine the repetitive frequency of certain words and diagnose the usage and function of particular expressions may to some extent contribute to framing analysis.
Hertog and McLeod (2001) reckon that framing analysis can greatly help people to understand social protest, collective riot and public manipulation. Many scholars (Gamson et al, 1992) are devoted to studying the relationship between framing and social movement/social protest. And Hertog and McLeod (2001) have already concluded the five main frames for social protest and social riot, which respectively are ‘the riot, confrontation, protest, circus, and debate frames' (p.156) and they tell the criteria of categorizing these five frames, including ‘the nature of the conflict portrayal; metaphors and narratives used; the emphasis or lack thereof concerning the social critique … the portrayal of the police and the portrayal assigned to bystanders. Especially salient features of the stories included headlines, photos, and direct quotes' (p.156).Next, this essay will refer to ‘framing' theory and invoke the research finding of Hertog and McLeod (2001) to analyze the BBC News online coverage of Thailand Red Shirt protests during 2009-2010.

Background  背景

Since the former Prime Minister of Thailand Thaksin Shinawatra was deposed in a coup in 2006, a great number of his supporters have launched several large-scale anti-government protests resulting in mass casualties. The Red Shirt protesters are exerting pressure on the governmental authority and forcing them to dismiss the parliament.

‘The riot frame'
The Red Shirt protesters and the Thai society are two significant actors in the text and their conflict is exactly the core of the riot frame. According to the research of Hertog and McLeod (2001), the news coverage prefers to use ‘riot' to describe such social protest and always follows a common narrative: At 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。