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ion and trade that makes no use of factors of production actually resident in the countries to which they are attributed. If that takes place to an important degree, the measures of the current balance and national income and output being to lose their meaning.

Major imports of Pakistan

Machinery

Petroleum

Chemicals

Vehicles and spare parts

Edible oil

Wheat

Tea

Fertilizers

Plastic material

Paper Board

Iron and steal

Pharmaceutical products

Facts about imports of Pakistan

The change in imports is strongly related to the growth rate in the Pakistan economy. To a certain extent, imports are relatively associated to the value of the rupees. However, the elasticity is fairly small because most foreign producers change their prices to domestic levels. Thus when the rupees strengthened, foreign car producers do not enhance their prices proportionately.

Pakistan’s imports are also highly concerted in few items and those items are machinery, petroleum & its products, chemicals, transport tools, edible oil, iron, steel, fertilizer and tea. These imports were 73% of total imports during the year 2006-07. Among these categories machinery, petroleum and its products and chemicals accounted for 53% of total imports.

Decline in the import of Agricultural Products

After independence, import of agricultural products has significantly reduced. The value of agriculture raw materials imports (% of merchandise imports) in Pakistan was 4.92 in the year 2010. As in 1970-71, food grains worth Rs 213 crore were imported which in 2001-02 has been reduced to almost nil. Over the past 48 years this indicator has reached a maximum value of 6.17 in 1999 and minimum value of 2.80 in 1965.

Import of Capital Goods

After the second five year plan, the import of capital goods has significantly increased. For example, in 1970-71, capital goods worth of Rs. 504 crore were imported which in 2001-02 increased to Rs. 28059 crore.

Import of Edibe oils

The import expenditure on edible oils was Rs. 326 crores in 1990-91 which slightly increased to Rs. 479 crores in 2001-02.

Import of Chemical Fertilizers

Import expenditure on fertilizers has improved from Rs.86 crore in 1970-71 to Rs 5542 crore in 1999-2000. This is due to raise in prices of fertilizers and increasing requirements of fertilizers.

Imports of petroleum

There has been considerable rise in the import expenditure of petroleum. For example, in 1960-61 , the imports amounted to Rs. 69 crore which in 2001-02 increased to Rs. 66769 crore. The value for fuel imports in Pakistan was 30.49 in the year 2010. There are two reasons for this increasing trend. Firstly, increase in the prices of petroleum and secondly in the demand of petroleum for expending industrial and transport sector. Over the past 48 years this indicator reached a maximum value of 33.29 in 2000 and a minimum value of 3.32 in 1965.

Energy Imports

Energy imports, net (% of energy use) in Pakistan were 24.16 as of 2009. Its highest value over the past 38 years was 26.98 in 1999, while its lowest value was 15.05 in 1978.

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