英语论文网

印度新总理纳伦德拉·莫迪的政治运动，在电视上举行的第十六次大选清楚地传达了一个消息，创建作为这个国家的年轻人的工作。这项运动正确地触及了这个国家约有12亿人口中的数百万失业人员。
国民收入和就业率的增长是相关的，这是经济学的基本原理。考虑到印度的实际国内生产总值（GDP）已经连续七个季度为5%的增长率，就业前景同样令人不安的。在就业前的定时炸弹滴答作响。
每年需要1000万多个工作岗位来吸收新来者进入劳动力市场。全国抽样调查的数据显示，1999-2004年之间，创造了5800万个工作岗位（有一些溢出效应）。2004年之后，只有1500万个工作岗位增。受过教育的失业率在上升。根据全国抽样调查，29岁以上年龄的城市男性失业者占16.3%。该国每三名毕业生中就有一人失业。根据国际劳工组织的统计数据，印度失业率自2011年以来一直在攀升，当时为3.5%。根据全球就业趋势2014年报告，该指数在2013年再次上升至3.7%，预计将连续第四年上升至3.8%。

India’s new Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s political campaign on TV during the run up to the 16th General Elections clearly sent out one message- to create as many jobs for the youth of this country. The campaign rightly touched those millions who are unemployed in this country with a population of about 1.2 billion people.

Growth of the national income and employment rate are related and this is the basic principle of economics. Given that India’s real gross domestic product (GDP) has grown at a sub - 5.0% rate for seven consecutive quarters (till Q3 FY14), the employment picture is equally disturbing. Time bomb is ticking on the employment front.

Every year, more than 10 million jobs are needed to absorb newcomers into the labour market. The National Sample Survey data shows that between 1999-2004, 58 million jobs were created (with some spillover effect). Post 2004, only 15 million jobs have been added till 2012. Educated unemployment is on the rise. According to the National Sample Survey 16.3% of urban males who are graduates or above the age group of up to 29 years are unemployed. One of every three graduates in the country is unemployed. Unemployment rate in India has been climbing since 2011, when it was 3.5%, according to the International Labour Organisation (ILO) statistics. It rose again to 3.7% in 2013 and is expected to rise for the fourth consecutive year in 2014 to 3.8% according to global employment trends 2014 report.

Amidst this bleak nos., a ray of hope comes from the latest study by Dun & Bradstreet India in its premium publication India’s Top 500 Companies 2014 which indicates that the companies featuring in the Top 500 edition account for more than 10% of India’s total employment in organized sector. Secondly, number of employees of Top 500 Companies has gone up from 2,338,114 in FY08 to 3,134,505 in FY13.

The study takes into account the critical elements of the economy and business on which the Top 500 companies have a visible impact. According to the latest 2014 edition employment-job creation is one of the critical elements where the Top 500 companies have an impact. The other 3 areas being taxes-contribution to the ex chequer, exports and financing in order to give a holistic view about the impact of India’s Top 500 companies in the country.

The government needs to give manufacturing a big push, and along with that, it needs to devise policies that will encourage medium and small-scale enterprises. The study shows that manufacturing jobs outsourced by the featured companies in the edition have more than doubled going up from Rs 303,757.4 mn in FY08 to Rs 644,373.8 mn in FY13 growing at a CAGR of 16% for the mentioned time period. Indian is already acknowledged for its powerhouse of talent and entrepreneurship spirit. If this trend of creating employment opportunities at the individual and institutional level continues, Top 500 companies have a definitive role to play in taking the coun