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ds ........ 23 
4.3   Functions of Hedges in Civil Judgments ...... 31 
Chapter Five   Conclusion .... 37 
5.1   Major Findings ......... 37 
5.2   Limitations of the Study ....... 39 
5.3   Suggestions for Future Study ........... 39 

Chapter Four   Analysis and Discussion  

Vagueness is an important characteristic of natural language. Thus, hedges do exist not only  in  news,  ads,  politics,  literature  and  the  daily  communication,  but  in  legal  instruments. In  public  eyes,  law  is  serious,  fair,  objective,  authoritative  and  mandatory.  So  hedges, representing  vagueness,  are  not  allowed.  However,  as  a  typical  institutional  discourse,  civil judgments  make  use  of  plenty  of  exact  words  and  language;  at  the  meantime,  hedges  are taken  advantage  of  conditionally  and  limitedly.  Hedges  are  the  necessary  supplements  of exactness. They play their own roles in order to serve for the justice. But  why  are  there  so  many  hedges  in  civil  judgments?  And  when  are  these  hedges utilized  in  civil  judgments?  Reasons  are  various  (Zhou  Ling,  2000;  Pang  Jianrong,  2003). Firstly, the complexity and variety of objective legal phenomena are the foundation of hedges in  civil  judgments.  Some  can  not  be  quantified.  Some  can  not  be  expressed  by  the  exact words  or  language.  Thus,  it  is  necessary  to  abstract,  generalize  reasons  and  judgments. Secondly, when legal provisions describe and evaluate the legal acts, hedges are needed. For example,  in  “情节严重”,  “严重”  is  vague  for  people  who  don’t  know  the  degree  of  injury. Thirdly,  the  differences  of  people’s  cognition  lead  to  the  differences  of  people’ understandings of legal meanings. Fourthly, there are some cases which are not convenient to utilize  direct  expressions  such  as  state  secrets,  national  privacy,  anti-Party  remarks,  obscene plots,  and  the  investigative  techniques,  etc.  On  the  one  hand,  it  shows  the  seriousness  and rigorousness of laws. On the other hand, it avoids the unhealthy social effects. Besides, some can not be expressed exactly like numbers, frequency, degrees, scope and other predicting or inferring contents. Each kind of hedges has its own functions in civil judgments. 

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Conclusion  

The thesis is on hedges in Chinese civil judgments in light of the Adaptation Theory. The above has mainly discussed the analysis of adaptation of hedges t本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。