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n proved that anxiety has a negative effect on language learning.
     Psychological barriers mainly reflect in two aspects: the state of being too nervous or the state of being unable to focus one’s attention during listening. In regular listening practice, some students can’t concentrate on the listening content. Instead, they are absent-minded, wandering away, though they still wear their earphones, which, of course, will affect comprehension result. Some students are easy to be distracted because of being fatigued after listening for a long period. Anxiety often occurs in examination. Some students are too eager to get high marks but they are also afraid that they can’t adjust themselves to the listening material and the delivery rate. So they become too nervous and blank-minded. Continuity and accuracy of listening can’t be assured in such kind of state.
 
B. Vocabulary problem
In theory, the size of vocabulary to a certain extent determines the listening comprehension. “Vocabulary is the major component of language; people always compare vocabulary to building material. For every English learner, study English without a certain amount of vocabulary is just like builders building houses without bricks.”(刘红梅,2004:96) Vocabulary plays a vital role in English Learning, it is the foundation of all training, and the hearing is no exception. In Listening, a dialogue, language, the discourse is formed by sentences, and the sentence is formed by vocabulary. Many本论文由英语论文网www.51lunwen.org整理提供 people think that the more you listen, the better abilities of listening comprehension you will get. However, the level of the hearing is not determined by the amount of how much you listen and the length of the content.
New words appearing in the listening passage seem to be boring for students. Students usually assume that if they do not know all the words, they cannot understand the passage. So when they hear unfamiliar words, they become nervous and ponder the word: As a result, they fail to accept the following sentences. Actually none of us listen to every word spoken to us, yet we can understand what is said.

C. Background knowledge
    The major cause of influencing Chinese students’ listening comprehension is the lack of cultural background knowledge and the differences of thinking modes. Current views on listening comprehension agree that background or prior knowledge can affect listening comprehension. Cultural background knowledge, history and customs are important ones that can affect listening comprehension.
“Language is a kind of cultural expression. It is very necessary for students to know some background about English countries, such as the history, culture, customs and habits, even life styles.”(王英兰，2004:36)Many students lack these kinds of knowledge, so they think listening is very difficult.

D. Other factors
1. Problems about grammar
Grammar is another important factor influences listening comprehension. Systematic grammar knowledge is like a strong frame of a building, it can help students to catch the implication of vocal sounds, and understand them well, and it also can tell students the tense, voice and mood. However, in recent years, learners usually focus on communicating skills, preferring to ignore grammar acquisition, which influences listening ability to a great extent.  For example:
W: Do you enjoy majoring in mathematics?
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