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o things they often ignore in daily life. Ironies express a meaning in a different way, bringing readers a new perception. Parodies imitate the sacred stories and figures in the Bible to allude to the similar events and characters in the novel. By contrasting common people's behaviors with sacred activities of figures in the Bible, Jones ridicules their ei}ronteries and follies. Humors portray persons' ideas and behaviors in a joking way, eliminating their boredom in the course of reading.
    With regard to defamiliarization in narrative strategy, it is embodied  in narrative structure, perspective, and plot. In respect of narrative structure, the normal chronological  order is subverted by  applying prolepsis and analepsis. As to
perspective, by using the omniscient perspective but not resembling the God to tell everything, and by employing the limited perspective to observe one event in a different light, Jones mobilizes readers' activeness to participate in the construction of the novel. With respect to plot, there are more than seventy figures in the novel, but no one is found to play the role of protagonist. Without one or two clues that connect all events and characters together to form a plot, the narrative of the novel is inconsecutive.
   When it comes to theme in The Known World, the intimate relationship between blacks and whites is out of readers' expectation. To readers' surprise, some whites actually object to slavery. Meanwhile, the images of the white slaveholders
and those of the common whites are no longer the same as the highly stereotyped ones described in the previous novels of slavery. What is more, the images and the behaviors of black slaves also shock readers greatly because there are some blacks
who  support slavery. Compared with previous novels reflecting slaveholders' cruelness and  slaves'  plight, The  Known  World avoids  repeating the binary oppositional theme expressed in a tone of protesting and denouncing. Thus, what Jones narrates makes readers always feel unfamiliar from the novel's beginning to the end.
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