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摘要：在英语日常对话及写作中我们经常会听到或看到某些歧视性的语言，这是一个十分严重却被经常忽视的问题。代写英语论文英语中的歧视性语言可分为两类：指称对象模糊和约定概念。本文分析了英语对话及写作中常出现的一些歧视性语言，并提出了如何避免使用这种语言的建议。本站从事英语论文代写服务多年，撰写此文主要在于对英语的教学进行探索，给与英语教学一定的指导。本站联系方式：QQ949925041，电话13917206902。将为你提供最可靠的英语论文撰写服务。

sspeoplechairman→chairperson,chairfireman→firefighterforeman→supervisormailman/postman→postal worker,letter carriernewsman→reporterpoliceman→police officer,(pl.)police officers,the policesalesman→salesperson,(pl.)sales stuffman-made→artificialman-machine interface→user-system interfacemanpower→workforce,staff,personnel,workers,human resources

四、不要用含有后缀-ess的词指女性，也不要用带修饰词woman、lady、madam的短语指女性，例如：actress→actorauthoress→authorpoetess→poetlady lawyer→r lawyerwoman doctor→doctorwoman teacher→teacherwoman chairman→chair,chairperson如有必要表明性别，同时用male、female这两个词表示男女两性，例如：Sampras is one of the best tennis players in theworld today and Hingis is one of the best womanplayers.Sampras is one of the best male tennis players inthe world today and Hingis is one of the best femaleplayers.

五、不要做出带有约定概念的假设或引用类似的例子，比如把女性比作秘书、护士或保姆，把男性比作工程师、科学家、哲学家，我们可以用下面的方法加以避免。(1)使用复数名词或其他可替代词the scientist…he→scientists…theythe nurse…she→nurses…theyResearch scientists often neglect their wivesand children.Research scientists often neglect their spouseand childrenOR:Research scientists often neglect theirfamilies.(2)采用不同形式的表达Mary drove to work.要比Mary washed the dishes.好得多。

六、不要把妻子作为丈夫的附属来介绍，例如：John Smith and his wife JaneChairman抯wife Jane Smith

七、、不要用带有轻视、贬低性的词语介绍妻子，例如：the better half、he little woman、the weaker sex、the fair sex、dumb blondes、libber，同时要避免带有偏见的语言表达，例如：ambitious men and aggressivewomen、cautious men and timid women。

八、写信时，如果不知道收信人的姓名，最好不要用传统的Dear Sir、Dear Gentleman、Dear Madam可以选用下列之一：Dear friends of the libraryDear Madams and SirsDear Personnel OfficerDear Committee MemberDear CitizenDear CustomerDear CouncilorDear AgentDear Director九、尽量少引用含有通性词的引语，如果非用不可，下列处理办法可供选择：

(1)不直接引用，把引语进行释义W.Phillip said:“The best use of laws is toteach people to trample bad laws under their feet.”W.Phillip suggested that the best use of laws isto teach people to trample bad laws under their feet.

(2)使用[sic（]原文如此）让读者意识到原文中的使用不太恰当，例如:W.Phillip said:“The best use of laws is toteach men[sic]to trample bad laws under their feet.”

(3)对上述引语也可只引用其中的一部分，例如：W.Phillip said the best use of laws was to teachpeople“to trample bad laws under their feet.”我们赞同Rosalie Maggio所讲的话：“It is also necessary to acknowledge that therecan be no solution to the problem of sexism in societyon the level of language alone.Using the word“secretary”inclusively,for example,does not changethe face that only 1.6%of American secretaries aremen.Using“director”instead of“directress”doesnot mean a woman will necessary enjoy the sameopportunity today a man might.”

语言的形成是一个长期的历史过程。跟一个国家，地区的文化习俗，历史背景有着紧密联系。要真正从语言上消除这种性别歧视成分，必须改变人们惯常的思维模式。它需要男性和女性共同为争取男女平等而努力。只有人们的思想解放了，只有女性有了自己的权利才能消除语言中的性别歧视成分，才能达到社会中真正的男女平等，这样的社会也才是和谐的社会。

参考文献：

[1]Gumperz,J.Language and Social Identity.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1982.https://www.51lunwen.org/yingyujiaoyu/

[2]Tannen,D.You Just Don抰Understand:Women andMen in Conversation.New York:William Morrow,1990

[3]蔡复生.歧视性语言现象分析.广东：广州教育出版社，2000.

[4]邱志强.外语本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。