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性别歧视在英语教学中的存在与解决策略分析

摘要：在英语日常对话及写作中我们经常会听到或看到某些歧视性的语言，这是一个十分严重却被经常忽视的问题。代写英语论文英语中的歧视性语言可分为两类：指称对象模糊和约定概念。本文分析了英语对话及写作中常出现的一些歧视性语言，并提出了如何避免使用这种语言的建议。

关键词：歧视性语言 指称对象模糊 约定概念 建议

语言不仅可以用来交流思想，而且可以在交流者之间创造一种和谐的人际关系及交流气氛，任何带有性别歧视性的语言都会伤害到交流者的感情，因此我们在交谈中应尽量避免使用涉及到种族、性别、社会阶层、身体残疾等方面的语言。现在西方国家的语言学家及社会学家都在倡导使用非性别歧视性语言，并深入研究如何避免使用此类语言的方法，作为英语教师我们也应该对此重视起来，引导学生使用正确、礼貌的语言。

一、不要用he、his、him指代两性，只用它们特指男性

(s)Everyone should do what he thinks best.

(s)A good student should always make sure that hefinishes his homework on time.

(s)You must know your customer抯needs beforeyou give him advice.

传统语法认为上述句子中he、his、him用作通性代词可以接受，经验主义研究表明这几个词往往被理解成特指男性的代词，因此上述用法反映出对女性的歧视，为避免产生这种误会可使用以下方法：

(1)分别用he或she(s/he)，his或her，him或her代替he、his、him，上述句子分别变为：Everyone should do what he or she(s/he)thinksbest.A good student should always make sure that he orshe finishes his or her homework on time.You must know your customer抯needs before yougive him or her advice.

(2)采用代词的复数形式，上述句子变为：We should do what we think best.OR:People should do what they think best.Good students should always make sure that theyfinish their homework on time.You must know your customers?needs before yougive them advice.

(3)改用被动语态形式You must know your customer抯needs before yougive him advice.A customer抯needs must be known before advice isgiven.if a student wishes to avoid sex bias in hiswriting,he should exam these alternatives.These alternatives should be examined by anystudent who wishes to avoid sex bias in writing.

(4)用冠词a、an、the代替hisAfter filling his class schedule,the studentsshould place it in the registrar抯basket.After filling a class schedule,the studentsshould place it in the registrar抯basket.The driver should take his complete registrationform to the clerk抯window and pay his license fee.The driver should take the complete registrationform to the clerk抯window and pay the license fee.

(5)重写句子避免使用通性代词he、his、himA first grader can feed and dress himself. A first grader can feed and get dressed withoutassistance.If someone was the principle investigator,heshould place an asterisk after his name.Place an asterisk after the principle investigator.

(6)采用第一、第二人称One has to be careful with his money on the bus.You have to be careful with your money on the bus.OR:We have to be careful with our money on thebus.

(7)用someone、one、the one、no one代替he、himHe who can take advice is sometimes superior tohim who can give it.Someone who can take advice is sometimes superiorto the one who can give it.

二、不要用通性代词man、men、mankind指代包含男性和女性的人们（people）或人类（humanity）,使用中性词person、people、humanity、humankind、human、human being、the human race、the human species等等。Man is the most intelligent of all species.Humankind is/Human being are the most intelligentof all species.Men have lived on the earth for more than amillion years.People/Human beings have lived on the earth formore than a million years.All men are equal in the eyes of the law.Everyone is equal in the eyes of the law.The average man earns 2000 dollars a month.The average person earns 2000 dollars a month.China ought to make a greater contribution tomankind.China ought to make a greater contribution tohumankind/humanity.

三、不要使用带后缀-man的复合词指代两性，用含-man的复合词指男性，用含-woman复合词指女性，当指称对象包括男女两性或不清楚所指对象的性别或没有含-woman的复合词指女性时，可用中性词，例如：businessman→businessperson,(pl.)busine本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。