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3.3.1 Classroom Observation

For the first research question, is Malay language as the L1 used in the Malaysian English classroom and how frequently it is use and for what purposes? Classroom observation will be use as the data collection technique. The data will be collected by using the classroom observation table.

occasion

Teacher

Occasion on which Malay was used

Giving Instructions

Occasion on which Malay was used

Explaining meaning of words

Occasion on which Malay was used

Explaining Complex Ideas

Occasion on which Malay was used

Explaining Complex Grammar Rules

Total

Teacher 1

Teacher 2

Teacher 3

Total

Three selected English language classes (of about 45 minutes in length) conducted by three teachers will be observe to find out how frequently and on what occasions Malay is use. To obtain more authentic classroom data, the teachers and students are not informed of the observation purpose beforehand. The data that the researcher will get, will be evaluate based on each occasions happen in the classroom according to the Input Hypothesis theories by Krashen (1981).

3.3.2 Interviews

For the second research question, cans prohibition of L1 (Malay language) maximize the interest of using English in the classroom? Interviews will be held as the data collection techniques. The three teachers whose classes were observed will be interviewed. The interviews will be conducted on a one to one basis or individual interviews.

Here are the questions that will be asked:

1) Why the teacher has to use Malay while teaching the English language in the classroom?

2) How the teachers view the common criticism that using Malay reduces the students' exposures to English?

3) Can prohibition of using L1 (Malay language) maximize the interest of using English in the classroom?

Questions was adapted from Tang (2002), “Using L1 in the ESL classroom.”

The interviews will be recorded and the researcher will transcribe the record and the result will be summarizing according the related theories that have been mention before.

3.3.3 Questionnaires

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