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ce carriers including Emirates, Malaysia Airlines, Qantas Airways, Singapore Airlines, Thai Airways, Garuda Indonesia and Vietnam Airlines. Low-cost carriers have also emerged with AirAsia X, Jetstar and Pacific Blue, contributing together roughly 20% of the total airline passenger numbers carried into Australia in 2009.

This increase is also reflected overall by the percentage of international passengers carried into Australia, with Jetstar responsible for 7.8% of all international passenger traffic in 2009. For a clearer comparison, each of these low-cost carriers alone accounted for more South-East Asian inbound passengers in 2009 than a full-service carrier such as Emirates did, as indicated in the table below.

Singapore is a major contributor of inbound air traffic to Australia. From the January to May period of 2010, a 3% increase in passenger arrival numbers occurred compared to the same period in 2009. Over half of these arrivals are from the leisure travel sector. (Tourism Australia, 2010). As this sector is more wary of prices and the demand elasticity is greater, it is likely that the decrease in prices for travel after February attracted more customers during this time.

Indeed in February, a marked decrease in international travel occurred due to economic instability in world markets and the global financial crisis. This in turn turned air travel ticket prices down and attracted more leisure travellers. However, this would have a lagged effect in terms of passenger numbers travelling, as airlines had to adjust to the situation first. An increase in passenger numbers occurred between February and March 2010, as can be seen in this graph from the Bureau of Infrastructure, Transport and Regional Economics (BITRE, 2010).

Other countries which attracted much of the passenger traffic in South-East Asia in 2009 include Malaysia and Thailand, together with Indonesia. Indonesian arrivals are still contributing greatly to travel numbers during the first five months in 2010, seeing a 24% increase on the figure of 2009 (Tourism Australia, 2010). Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN) statistics also show that international tourist arrivals to Indonesia from outside of South-East Asia have been increasing between 2008 and 2009 (ASEAN, 2010).

This indicates that the market to this country may be expanding and in November of 2008 the low-cost carrier Pacific Blue commenced services to this country. It is competing directly with Jetstar which has been serving this market since 2006. To illustrate the demand for low-cost services for such a route, Jetstar had 15 412 passengers and Pacific Blue 14 205 passengers in May of 2010. Qantas, however, only recorded 2 974 inbound passengers in May 2010.

As can be seen, Emirates clearly had the lowest number of passengers which were taken to Australia from South-East Asia during 2009. Emirates focuses on services between Europe and Australia through the Middle-East rather than in the South-East Asian region, explaining this observation. Recently, Emirates has extended European routes to include Amsterdam and Madrid.

A total of 12.3 million international inbound passengers were recorded in 2009. From the table it can be calculated that from these ten airlines alone, the number of passengers inbound from the South-East Asian region account for roughly 32% of all inbound traffic movements in Australia. This in本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。