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n Digitalisation is to introduce advanced digitalisation experiences in taxation to developing countries. The book has a clear purpose and structure, primarily focusing on explaining and illustrating specific measures for tax reforms. The sentences rarely contain lengthy modifiers. The language characteristics can be observed in the following three aspects:

Firstly, the prominent characteristic is the extensive use of tax-related specialized vocabulary. Many specialized terms in taxation borrow commonly used English words, which are everyday words in English but become specialized terminology in the field of taxation with strict scientific meanings. For example, “private” is a common word in English but in the field of taxation, it is borrowed and translated as “私营企业”, similarly “resident” would be translated as “居民纳税人” and so on. 

Chapter Ⅱ Translation Process 

2.1 Pre-translation Preparation

Due to the objectivity of scientific work, scientists rarely involve their own subjective opinions when describing things. Therefore, technical English is more objective, accurate, and concise than other forms of English. Technical texts emphasize systematic presentation, in which the fixed use of professional terms, concise and focused language, and complex sentence structures are particularly important. As a typical technical text, the book Supporting the Digitalisation of Developing Country Tax Administrations required pre-translation preparation by the author based on the general characteristics of technical text translation in order to better overcome obstacles. One of the main obstacles is language barriers, as the original author used too many technical terms and complex sentence structures specific to the tax administration and digital technology fields. Ensuring that these terms accurately convey their intended meanings in the target text is quite a challenge for translators. Another challenge is related to cultural differences between the source culture and target culture. English is the primary second language for Chinese people, but due to significant differences in grammar, language expression habits, cultural background, and other aspects between English and Chinese, there are often errors in understanding vocabulary when translating technical English. This can lead to inaccuracies in translation. Some concepts widely accepted in Western countries may not be understood in the same way in Chinese-speaking regions. For example, “compliance” means to obey or follow in spoken language and daily life, but in the tax field, it represents the proprietary term “纳税遵从”. Many words in technical English have fixed expression patterns and proprietary terms, so accumulating knowledge before translation becomes particularly important. On the other hand, translators must be well-versed in the cultural background of the target audience to ensure that the translation is culturally sensitive and easy to understand. Before starting the translation, the author determined the overall language style of the text, familiarized themselves with the framework of the book, grasped its overall meaning, and then carefully read through it, underlining key words. Next, the translator should search for relevant background information and look up unfamiliar words. It should be emphasized that searching for background information is an important step in successful translation. Thi本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。