有关对政府采购和创新英语论文 [4]
论文作者:英语论文论文属性:作业 Assignment登出时间:2014-10-18编辑:yangcheng点击率:11525
论文字数:3172论文编号:org201409251252506318语种:英语 English地区:加拿大价格:免费论文
关键词:政府采购创新研究采购计划决策Economics EssayInnovation
摘要:本文是英国伦敦大学皇家玛丽学院的一篇对政府采购和创新的研究的留学生作业,政府采购系统最初形成于18世纪末到19世纪初的西方自由资本主义国家。一个多世纪以来,政府采购已经在国家的社会、经济、外交方面发挥了重要作用并且占了政府开支很大的一部分,据统计,政府采购通常占一个国家GDP的10 - 15%。通过采购系统,政府不仅完成了政府采购职能的基本目标,以鼓励和促进工业目标的发展,而且通过他们的采购计划和决策来实现某些国内和国际的政策目标。
ive products to create a stable market, can be give innovative products in a certain range, to a certain extent the implementation of high pricing policy, so that technological innovation in private income close to social benefits, it can form a relatively stable government procurement policy. In the presence of a stable government can be expected under market conditions, independent innovation enterprises can minimize the product promotion, market development, education expenditure, so that direct contact with technical products and the market.
2.2.3 Government procurement can promote the upgrading of industrial structure and accelerate the technological transformation of traditional industries.
Government, as the domestic market, the largest consumer, when the Government purchases a product increased, often leads to the production scale of the industry to expand and the proportion of GDP increased, leading to changes in socio-economic structures. Therefore, the government procurement of technology-intensive products increased, that can guide and encourage enterprises to increase capital investment in technological innovation, as advocated by the Government to invest in technological innovation projects, thus accelerating the transformation of traditional industries and enhance the independent innovation in the entire country capacity.
2.2.4 In the principle of competition in government procurement will promote the development of independent innovation.
Whether government procurement, or technological innovation, both of their core are competitive. The level of analysis from the government procurement, specification and effective government procurement to promote competition, government procurement to achieve value for money and social development goals, competition is the core content and important principle of government procurement. From the perspective of autonomous technological innovation, competition is a source of innovation and creativity and great motivation.
2.2.5 Government procurement for its own high-tech industry plays a role in the protection and support.
Through the priority purchase of domestic products, in particular, the priority of national high-tech products such as procurement policies, government procurement on the national high-tech industry can play the role of market protection and support. In fact even in economically developed countries, are in government procurement through a variety of means to protect their own generation and the development of high-tech industries. Such as French Government requested the aviation, railway, telecommunications and other departments to give priority to purchase their products.
China's government procurement process of internationalization
China has established a government procurement management institutions, the scale and scope of government procurement has also expanded. First, clear the Ministry of
Finance for the government procurement authorities, carry out the development and implementation of government procurement policy functions. In recent years, the central unit of government procurement institution-building has been strengthened, local governments at various levels have also set up in the financial sector or clarify the government's procurement administration. The size of government procurement, as shown in the table, which has
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