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aurens has surveyed seniorhigh school students whose native language is French and found that cognitive strategies areapplied more frequently than metacognitive strategies.Moreover,cognitive strategies are appliedby almost all learners,no matter what their listening level is(Laurens,1997).Ouyang Shaoyi hasconducted a comparative study on the application of listening strategies on Successful and lesssuccessful listeners of junior high school students.She has surveyed 150 students in Grade 8 andfound that there is a significant difference between high level students and low level students(Ouyang,2017).In other words,students with high level are better at using listening strategiesthan students with low level.In general,the emphasis of these researchers is reflected in thefrequency of strategy application and the differences between different learners in it.

Chapter Two Theoretical Foundation and Methodology

2.1 Theoretical Foundation

The theoretical foundation of this paper mainly includes the constructivist theory and theaffective filter hypothesis.

2.1.1 The Constructivist Theory

Based on the early thoughts of Piaget,Bruner,Vygotsky and Wittrock,the constructivisttheory is of great influence in recent years,and it is also a branch of cognitive theory.Theconstructivist theory holds that knowledge is not acquired by teachers,but by learners with thehelp of others(including teachers and learning partners)in the learning process,using necessarylearning materials,and by means of meaning construction under certain circumstances.Therefore,this theory advocates that students construct knowledge based on their originalexperience,psychological structure and belief,and emphasizes the initiative,social andsituational nature of students’learning.When emphasizes the importance of listening strategiesto students’listening learning,the author follows the learning viewpoint of the constructivisttheory and takes it as the research guidance and theoretical basis.Metacognitive strategies,cognitive strategies and social affective strategies also emphasize the initiative,social andsituational nature of students’listening learning.

This theory mainly consists of knowledge view,student view,learning view and teachingview.On the whole,the constructivist theory holds that knowledge cannot accurately summarizeeverything and cannot be applied casually,but needs to be recreated according to specificsituations.At the same time,learners’understanding of propositions can only be formed byindividuals based on their own experience background,which depends on the learning process ina specific situation.Students do not enter the classroom with empty heads,so they form theirpropositions based on relevant experience when problems arise,relying on their reasoning andjudgment skills.

2.2 Methodology

The methodology mainly includes research questions,research participants and researchinstruments in the whole research process.

2.2.1 Research Questions

The research objective of this subject is to investigate junior high school students’application of listening strategies in listening activities by means of questionnaire survey andinterview.On the basis of observing the situation of students’application of listening strategies,the problems existing in students’application of listening strategies are further analyzed,so as toconclude t本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。