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Abstract
In daily communication, people sometimes use precise language to express their ideas, but more often people prefer to use vague language to convey information. Vagueness is completely intrinsic in human language and the frequent use of hedges just fully testifies this inborn nature of language. The use of hedges is a common phenomenon in language communication, therefore, the appropriate use of hedges in interaction can enhance the expressive force and communicative effect of language, making the expressions more natural, decent, polite, flexible, and effective. Moreover, the right use of hedges can send people’s emotion and ideas more properly thereby helps to maintain a good interpersonal relationship between the two parties in communication and achieve the communicative goal successfully.

Key Words
hedges; communicative principle; pragmatic; hedge strategy

摘要
在日常的社交生活中，有时候人们会使用精确的语言来表达自己的想法，但更多的时候，人们会大量地使用模糊的语言来表达想传递的信息。模糊性是人类语言的内在特征，大量的模糊限制语的使用也正充分说明了语言的这一本质特征。模糊限制语的使用是语言交际中的普遍现象，恰当地使用模糊限制语能增强语言的表现力和交际效果，使语言表达更自然得体、礼貌含蓄、灵活有效，能更好地传递人们的思想和感情，从而改善和维系交际双方的人际关系，使交际顺利进行，实现交际的目的。

关键词
模糊限制语；交际原则；语用；模糊策略

Table of Contents
Table of Contents 2
Abstract 3
Key Words 3
摘要 3
关键词 3
A Pragmatic Analysis on Hedges in Verbal Communication 4
1. An Introduction to Hedges 4
1.1. Background of studying Hedges 4
1.2. Definition of Hedges 5
2. Communicative Principles of Hedges on Pragmatic Theory 6
2.1. Hedges and Co-operative Principle 6
2.2. Hedges and Politeness Principle 7
3. Applications of Hedges in Verbal Communication 8
3.1. Hedges as a Co-operative Strategy 8
3.1.1.  Fuzziness as a Signal of One’s Uncertainty 9
3.1.2. Fuzzy Language as the Phatie Communion 9
3.2. Hedges as a Politeness Strategy 10
3.2.1 Fuzzy Language as a Negative Politeness Strategy 10
3.2.2 Fuzzy Language as a Positive Politeness Strategy 11
3.3. Hedges as a Gap—filling Strategy 12
3.3.1.  Information Gap 12
3.3.2.  Lexical Gap 13
3.4. Hedges as a Tentativeness Strategy 13
3.5. Fuzzy Language as a Self-protection Strategy 14
4. Conclusion 15
References 17

References
1. Brown, P and Levinson,S.1978. “Universals in language Usage: Politeness Phenomena”. In Goody, E, N. (ed.): Questions and Politeness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 56-310.
2. Brown, R and Levinson, S. 1987 Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usagek. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
3. Channell, J. 1994 Vague Language. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4. Ellis, R. 1985. Understanding Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
5. Grice, H. P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In Cole, P＆Morgan, J, L, (eds,) Syntax and Semantics, Vol, 3: Speech Acts. New York: Academic Press.
6. Hubler, A. 1983. Understatements and Hedges in English. Amsterdam and Philadelphia, PA:John Benjamins. 留学生论文https://www.51lunwen.org/
7. Lakoff, G. 1972. “Hedges: A Study in Meaning Criteria and the Logic of Fuzzy Concepts”. Papers from the Eighth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society 1972. 183—228 Reprinted in: Journal of Philosophical Logic. 1973.4: 2.458—508.
8. Leech, G N. (1983). Princ本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。