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论文作者:www.51lunwen.org论文属性:本科毕业论文 Thesis登出时间:2014-12-24编辑:Cinderella点击率:11626
论文字数:5763论文编号:org201412192102465262语种:英语 English地区:澳大利亚价格:免费论文
关键词:human migrationmobility concept人类迁移流动性
摘要:本文介绍了人类流动性,尤其突出了人类流动数据对互联网络研究工作的重要意义。
Random direction model
This model is sometimes used interchangeably with the random waypoint model. It aims at overcoming density waves in the number of neighbors produced by the random waypoint model. A density wave occurs when nodes cluster in one part of a simulation area particularly the central area in the case of the random waypoint model. This clustering makes nodes to appear as if they are converging, dispersing and then converging again. The random direction model is therefore implemented to alleviate this behavior. Additionally, it promotes a partially constant number of neighbors throughout a simulation. In the model, mobile nodes randomly choose a direction of travel, just as in the random walk mobility model. The node then moves to the border of the simulation area following a specific direction. Upon reaching the boundary, it pauses for some specified time before choosing another regular direction between 0 and 2π and the process continues. It can be said that this is a model that allows mobile nodes to travel to the edge of a simulation area before changing speed and direction (Han, 2008). This is the characteristic that differentiates this model from the random waypoint model.
Figure 3: Diagram of random direction mobility model
Source: Klaus & Gross
The straight lines in the diagram show the paths followed by the moving nodes towards the edges of the simulation before changing direction. Different approaches are used in implementing the random direction model. For instance, the rate of users leaving the simulation area can be set to be equal to the rate of users entering the area. As much as this approach may have merits and demerits, it leads to uniform user distributions in steady state. A major advantage of the random direction strategy is the resultant uniform stationary distribution that is achieved in a simulation. Nevertheless, the drawback is that it is also unrealistic as it experiences sudden changes in speed and direction.
Applications
In routing protocols, route stability is a requirement for quality of service for mobile users. Various metrics have been considered for selecting source destination and routing path of a mobile node. The selection of high throughput routes is considered, focusing on route stability which is an aspect of critical importance. The concept of random direction model is used in estimating the available path duration hence avoiding disruption of service that may result from route failure. Route failure is avoided by an alternative path before the one being used currently breaks (Carofiglio, n.d).
Therefore, maximization of throughput and reduction of traffic latency are essential in ensuring reliable source-destination connections over time. To that effect, a route is mainly selected acco本论文由英语论文网提供整理,提供论文代写,英语论文代写,代写论文,代写英语论文,代写留学生论文,代写英文论文,留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。