Simultaneous Listening and Speaking [4]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-13编辑:黄丽樱点击率:14733
论文字数:6016论文编号:org200904131928074895语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:ListeningSpeakingSLTLSI
accuracy of the time simultaneity portion showed a stronger negative correlation with SSP (r = - 0.57, p < 0.001) than the accuracy of the listening portion with SSP (r= - 0.35 p < 0.05). Accuracy of the time simultaneity portion showed a stronger positive correlation with SP I/S (r = 0.51, p < 0.001) than the accuracy of the listening portion with SP I/S (r = 0.32 p < 0.05). A stronger negative correlation was found between the accuracy of time simultaneity portion with SSPM (r = - 0.68, p < 0.001) than the accuracy of the listening portion with SSPM (r = - 0.45 p < 0.01). The accuracy of the time simultaneity portion showed a higher positive correlation with SSPM I/S (r = 0.48, p < 0.01) than the accuracy of the listening portion with SSP (r = 0.36 p < 0.05). A stronger negative correlation was obtained between the accuracy of the time simultaneity portion with the SSP (r = - 0.57, p < 0.001) than the accuracy of the listening portion with SSP (r = - 0.35 p < 0.05).
4. DISCUSSION
4.1. SL and TL Factors
The greater SSP over ISP contradicts Barik's assertion (1973) that "T generally engaged in speaking for a greater proportion of the time than S." But it is in line with Lee (1999) who found sentence SP for interpreters was 79.6%, while that for speakers was 86.2% for English into Korean SI. This might be attributable to the unique feature of SI in general. It would be reasonable to assume that interpreters engaging in SI require more processing capacity than speakers.
The fact that ISP is not influenced by SSP indicates the interpreter's processing capacity is already at its limit in keeping up with SL which is faster than the optimal speed of 100-120 wpm (Seleskovitch 1978), or 100wpm (Barik 1975). In this situation, the interpreter cannot increase ISP beyond 58% since a minimum capacity should be reserved for other processing involved in SI. The ISP at 58% means that interpreters fill 42% of total speaking time with silence. Although the audience listening to the SI assumes such silence reflects a loss of information (Dejean Le Féal 1990), interpreters have no other choice in this situation.
The greater I/S articulation rate of 1.36 compared to SSPM I/S of 1.08 suggests that interpreters speak quickly so as to cram their output once they have a chance to speak. Although interpreters utter more words in their SI than the original speech, the quality of the SI is far from being 100%. It becomes clear that, for an omission-free interpretation, more Korean words in TL are necessary.
4.2. Syllable simultaneity ratio
SSR in this study is similar to the TSR in other related findings. The SSR is also about equal to ISP. The unchanged SSR with increasing SSP and SSPM should be understood to mean that the interpreters' capacity is already at maximum level and cannot increase SSR further. The positive correlation between SSR and SP I/S as well as SPM I/S means the overlapping syllable portion increases as the interpreter increases SP.
4.3. Accuracy of time simultaneity portion
Theoretically, interpreters should be able to speak with pauses only for breathing during SI. But it was not the case in SI since TSR remained at only 40%. This clearly shows that very complex information processing is going on in the interpreters' cognitive system. We cannot attribute this low TSR to a lack of capacity on the part of interpreters, since they are top ranking interpreters with good reputations. In optimal condition samples, they recorded very high
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