Simultaneous Listening and Speaking [6]
论文作者:佚名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-04-13编辑:黄丽樱点击率:14730
论文字数:6016论文编号:org200904131928074895语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:ListeningSpeakingSLTLSI
reverse the negative correlation between TSR and accuracy as a whole.
To summarize the present section up to this point, speeches with high TSR have high SSP and highly dense information; for these speeches, interpreters engaging in English into Korean SI have no choice but to accelerate their ISP as well as TSR. These speeches are intrinsically difficult and quality will be lower than speeches with low SSP in the long run. Even in this adverse situation, if an interpreter can increase his SSP and TSR relative to the other interpreter working on the same speech, it is reasonable to assume that the interpreter showing high TSR is carrying out more efficient processing than the other interpreter with low ISP and TSR.
4.4. Accuracy of time simultaneity portion and listening portion
The result that the accuracy of the listening and speaking portion are much lower than that of the listening portion is in line with Gerver (1976): "significantly more was correctly interpreted in the pause than no-pause condition." The low accuracy of the time simultaneity portion also explains the above result of poor quality of samples with high TSR, in that the quality of SI will be sacrificed when the poor quality portion, that is, the listening and speaking portion, occupies a greater part in the total SI.
It is quite obvious that interpreters, when interpreting simultaneously, may not "listen" in the same way as they listen in silence without uttering the TL. Therefore, interpreters with the capacity of processing speeches faster than 200 wpm cannot exhibit the same capacity in SI because they have to distribute their capacity among several tasks, as they do during the time simultaneity portion. Moreover, the average speed of these samples was around 150 wpm, which is much faster than the optimal speed for SI. As Goldman-Eisler (1972) said, "comprehension requires the most attention" and this comprehension is the first phase for SI. During the time simultaneity portion, however, comprehension of SL suffers. According to Gerver (1974b), "simultaneous listening and speaking can impair recall of the material listened to while speaking." Poor understanding directly obstructs the subsequent processing involved in converting and delivering in the TL. This result clearly indicates that during the time simultaneity portion there is a limit to the processing capacity of interpreters. According to Weber (1990: 45),
Listeners normally have a natural "absorption threshold" beyond which they can no longer absorb and process information. This threshold may be higher if they are listening to their native language and lower when listening to a foreign language.
The gap between the accuracy of the time simultaneity portion and the accuracy of listening portion becomes greater as the SSP increases. This is proved by the negative correlations between SSP and the accuracy of the time simultaneity portion (r = - 0.57, p < 0.001), while the correlation between SSP and the accuracy of the listening portion is (r = - 0.35, p < 0.05). The gap becomes smaller when the interpreter increases ISP I/S and SSPM I/S. The smaller the gap, the more accurate the SI as a whole. Therefore, improving the accuracy of the time simultaneity portion is a key for quality SI. This clearly demonstrates that one should allocate processing capacity evenly between multi-modules in SI to obtain quality interpretation results.
4.5. Reasons for low accuracy of the time simultaneity portion
As Gile
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