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started to implement its wireless networks in 1999, UPS waited until 2003 to begin to update its wireless technologies to improve scanning and tracking. [13] Therefore it is apparent here that FedEx can be considered as a leader in IT of the freight service industry, and its constant investment in technologies have caused other competitors to do the same.

新公司很难进入——Difficult Entry For New Companies

The air freight and air cargo transportation industry can be considered as an oligopolistic industry.[1] Oligopoly is a market condition in which the production of identical or similar products or services is concentrated in a few large firms.[14] In this case, FedEx, DHL, UPS are the major players of the market.[4] Because of the strong brand image of these major leaders, new companies will encounter difficulty and great barriers to enter the market. To start an express transportation company, economies of scale could be reached by going global.[1] This will require large amounts of capital and resources, in terms of establishing hubs and routes, hiring workers, procuring various modes of transportation, and also technological advancements to satisfy high customer expectation set by industry leaders.

With the information system and technology currently used in FedEx, competitors, especially new entrants and small companies, will have a hard time catching up to FedEx. They will need financial resources to procure or design their own information system, and also to possess knowledgeable and skilled manpower to control and monitor their system. FedEx have come a long way to be a leader of advanced technology in the industry, they not only have the resources to research and develop new system and technology to improve their services, but they also have the expertise and valuable experiences to provide the best IT solutions and services to customers. These are all invaluable resources that new entrants to the industry lack. Therefore, their entrance to the market will be very difficult.

Besides that, the industry is also in the maturity industry life cycle stage, where the growth of the industry is slowing.[15] This can be shown by the recent economic downturn in 2010, which has caused the competitors of FedEx to scale back on expansion. But instead of seeing the recession as a threat, , FedEx Express Chief Information Officer for Asia Pacific, Linda Brigance believed that they can gain competitive advantage with smart information system decisions.[9] With FedEx seizing this opportunity to expand its global reach with information technology, new companies will face even tougher competition.

收购竞争对手——Acquisition Of Competitors

With the expansion of FedEx, it has acquired many companies to gradually increase and enhance its services to new dimension. With these acquisitions, FedEx not only acquire the existing customers of the companies, but also to help FedEx to reach other international routes and networks that were once off-limits.

FedEx Freights is an example of merger and acquisition of two companies that were once independent entities, namely American Freightways and Viking Freight. [16] As a result of this acquisition, FedEx Freight, a less-than-truckload (LTL) subsid本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。