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5.1.1 Suffering from Trauma

Mariam’s trauma starts from her childhood.In the childhood,Mariam’s miscognitionsare caused by the wrong recognition of herself in the Imaginary.Owing to her father’sconcealment and the isolated environment in which she lives,Mariam regards herself as abeloved daughter.Although her father does not live with them,he always visits at regulartime.Mariam feels love and warm from her father.On the contrary,her mother scolds herby using the term Harami,which sows the seed of trauma.Then,under the influence of theElectra Complex,she is not satisfied with her mother so that she desires to live with father.Moreover,with illusory expectation,Mariam develops the narcissistic complex.As far asshe is concerned,she considers she can obtain rights just like her father’s other children.Although she realizes she is a Harami,she struggles to gain recognition from the family.

Chapter 6 Conclusion

Khaled Hosseini as an Afghan-American writer,his works focus on the theme ofpsychological growth and reveal the life and feelings of Afghanistan people under multipleoppressions.In A Thousand Splendid Suns,Hosseini describes a moving story about twowomen,about love and salvation,in which he focuses on the mental journey of theprotagonist Mariam in different periods.Mariam has suffered from injustices andoppressions from childhood to middle age,which leaves scars in her mind and has a greatinfluence on the development of herself.Jacques Lacan’s theory of the Three Ordersanalyzes the construction of the subject:the Imaginary,the Symbolic,and the Real,whichecho the different periods of the growth of Mariam and may help the readers to betterunderstand Mariam’s mental journey.Based on Lacan’s theory of Three Orders,this thesisanalyzes the process of the growth of Mariam,exploring her trauma and explaining herfinal salvation.

In the Imaginary,Mariam experiences miscognition,which leads to the psychologicalperplexity in her childhood.Based on Lacan’s theory,little Mariam builds an ideal ego onaccount of the function of the Mirror Stage.She recognizes herself as a beloved daughterunder the influence of the others,including her mother Nana,her father Jalil and herteacher Mullah Faizullah.In the Mirror Stage,they provide images to Mariam,which isunreal and sends her wrong messages.Mariam recognizes those images as herself andmisunderstands her identity.Though an illegitimate daughter,she believes that she is abeloved child,the same as other children in her father’s family.Then,Mariam undergoesNarcissism under the influence of miscognition.She regards herself as a daughter of theKhans,and wants to confirm her identity and chase for rights enjoyed by the otherchildren of her father.However,the misunderstanding of her identity makes her confusedwhen she is rejected by the family.The rejection breaks her imagination and pushes herinto the Symbolic Order.

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