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动态对等”（Dynamic Equivalence）是从交际学方面探索翻译中的对等问题提出来的一个概念。他给“动态对等”所下的定义是 “最切近原语信息的自然对等。
Introdution
Translation, as a science as well as a skill and art, is aimed to convey a message from one language to another. Traditionally, the study of translation is merely focused on the techniques of translation while the underlying theory of it did not catch enough attention. But in recent decades, various theories of translation have been established and have been gaining their maturity. Eugene A. Nida, the famous American linguist and Bible translator, set up his influential theory of “dynamic equivalence” in the late 1960s. The paper is intended to apply the DE theory to the translation of English idioms into Chinese and tries to prove that it is possible to reproduce in the target language a closest natural equivalent of each idiom.
I. The Theory of Dynamic Equivalence (DE)
“Dynamic equivalence”(DE) is one of the most principal theories on translation, which was set up from the standpoint of linguistics and information theory and therefore bypasses the traditional controversies on translation and provides a relatively new concept. According to Nida, the nature of translation is to reproduce “in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.” (13) Focused on the response of the receptors, Nida believes that the adequacy of the translation must be judged in terms of the way people respond to it. From this perspective, Nida defines his “dynamic equivalence” as “the degree to which the receptors of the message in the receptor

Table of Contents

Outline 2
Introdution 3
I. The Theory of Dynamic Equivalence (DE) 3
II. The characteristics of English Idioms 4
III. The Application of DE theory to Idiom Translation 5
3.1 From Idioms to Non-idioms 5
3.2 From Idioms to Idioms 7
3.3 Additional Remarks on Idiom Translation 8
Conclusion 9
Bibliography 11
Acknowledgement 12

Outline

Thesis statement: Idioms, because of their particular features, are very difficult to reproduce in the target language, but “Dynamic Equivalence” theory argues that it is possible to reproduce in the target language a closest natural equivalent of each idiom.
I. The Theory of Dynamic Equivalence (DE)
II. The characteristics of English Idioms
III. The Application of DE theory to Idiom Translation
A. From Idioms to Non-idioms
B. From Idioms to Idioms
C. Additional Remarks on Idiom Translation
VI. Conclusion: In the process of translating English idioms into Chinese, the translator can apply Nida’s DE theory, bearing in mind the priority of the dynamic equivalence over formal correspondence and that of the contextual consistency over formal consistency. Without too much regard to the form, almost all the idioms can be translated, just as Nida insists.

Bibliography
Nida, Eugene A. “The Theory and Practice of Translation” . Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1969.
宋志平，“英谚望文生‘译’八例”，《大学英语》1996
张培基等，《英汉翻译教程》. 上海：上海外语教育出版社. 1980/1990