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《我与地坛》的英译及文化特色的词的若干脚注
评论部分谈论的是翻译过程中一个典型的问题:汉译英过程中主语的确定。评论部分首先从东西方文化和思维谈起，分析了英语和汉语主语的不同，其次引用一些经典的翻译实例作为参考，并结合原文《我与地坛》，对原文中涉及这个问题的句子进行分析。
原文
我在好几篇小说中都提到过一座废弃的古园，实际就是地坛。许多年前旅游业还没有开展，园子荒芜冷落得如同一片野地，很少被人记起。
地坛离我家很近。或者说我家离地坛很近。总之，只好认为这是缘分。地坛在我出生前四百多年就坐落在那儿了，而自从我的祖母年轻时带着我父亲来到北京，就一直住在离它不远的地方—五十多年间搬过几次家，可搬来搬去总是在它周围，而且是越搬离它越近了。我常觉得这中间有着宿命的味道:仿佛这古园就是为了等我，而历尽沧桑在那儿等待了四百多年。
它等待我出生，然后又等待我活到最狂妄的年龄上忽地残废了双腿。四百多年里，它剥蚀了古殿檐头浮夸的琉璃，淡褪了门壁上炫耀的朱红，坍纪了一段段高墙又散落了玉砌雕栏，祭坛四周的老柏树愈见苍幽，到处的野草荒藤也都茂盛得自在坦荡。这时候想必我是该来了。十五年前的一个下午，我摇着轮椅进入园中，它为一个失魂落魄的人把一切都准备好了。那时，太阳循着亘古不变的路途正越来越大，也越红。在满园弥漫的沉静光芒中，一个人更容易看到时间，并看见自己的身影。
译文
    The   abandoned   ancient   garden   1 mentioned   in several  novels  is actually the Earth Altar. Many years ago when the tourism was not developed, the garden was as desolate as a  wilderness  with,  few  people  ever remembering it.
  The Earth Altar was close to my home. Or my home was close to the Earth Altar. All in all, it could only be attributed to fate. The Earth Altar had been there four hundred years before my birth and since my grandma came in her youth to settle in Beijing with my father. They have been living not far from it. During the fifty years they moved several times, but each move invariably turned out to be around the Altar. even closer and closer to it. I always feel that there is something called fate in it, as if the ancient garden had been through more than four hundred years waiting for me.
It waited for my birth and for my suddenly crippled legs in my extremely conceited ages. During the more than four hundred years, it corroded the florid colored glaze along the eave of the ancient palace, faded the flamboyant imperial red of the screen wall, ruined sections of high walls and decayed the jade inlays and carved railings. The old cypresses around the Sacrificial Altar became greener and darker, weeds and vines everywhere flourished freely and broadly. 1 thought maybe it was due time for my arriving. On an afternoon of fifteen years ago, I went in a wheelchair to the garden where everything had been prepared for a lost soul.  At that moment when  the  sun  was growing bigger and redder along its internally immutable way,   https://www.51lunwen.org/translation/   it was easier for people to see the time as well as his shadow in the quiet rays suffusing the whole garden.       

参考文献:
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致谢 2-3
Abstract 3
摘要 4-6
翻译部分 6-30
论汉译英过程中主语的确定 30-40
    一 引言 30-31
    二 汉英句子主语的比较 31-32
三 汉译英过程中主语的确定策略 32-38
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