英语论文网

摘要：本文是英语硕士论文，Pubic signs have been around us for a long time. However, it is a relatively newdevelopment studying on public signs. It's generally believed that studies on publicsigns began in the late 1990s. From then on，more and more scholars of theachievements in sociolinguistics and applied linguistics show great interests in thispoint.

lic place to advertizeor to convey information or a direction?” And Longman Dictionary of AmericanEnglish (1991) refers sign to “a board or notice giving information, warning，etc." InWebster i Encyclopedic Unabridged Dictionary of English Language (1996)，sign isdefined as "a means of conveying information, as a name, direction, warning oradvertisement，that is prominently displayed for public view and that consists ofletters or symbol in scribbled or mounted, on wood, metal，paper, or other materials."According to Oxford Advanced Learner，s English-Chinese Dictionary (2002)，sign isdefined as a "board, notice, etc. that directs somebody towards something, gives awarning, advertises a business, etc." And in Longman Dictionary of ContemporaryEnglish (2004), sign is stated as "a piece of paper, metal etc. in a public place, withwords or drawings on it that give people information, warn them not to do somethingetc."

…………

2.2 Functions of Public Signs
Public signs, as a kind of widely used social language, have been playing acrucial role in people's routine activities. They provide convenience and help for thesociety and perform kinds of functions. He Ziran (1997)，on the basis of Austin'sspeech act theory, holds that Chinese public signs have the following ftmctions:forbidding (e.g.禁止攀爬)，requesting (e.g.前方施工，车辆绕行)，advocating (e.g.成都，一座来了就不想走的城市）and informing (e.g.老幼病残孕专座).Lv Hefa(2004) divided the functions of public signs into two categories: the general indicatingones and the specific intended ones. The general indicating functions include directing,prompting，restricting and compelling. And the specific intended functions consist ofarousing interest, providing information, deepening understanding, promoting action,reinforcing image, serving society and preventing crime. In Yang Qingping's TheStrategies and Methods of Public Sign Translations in China, public signs areclassified into general ones and special ones. General public signs are those which areuniversally applicable in the world, like functions of indicating, prompting, restrictingand compelling. Special public signs refer to those which are used for the socialactivities and operational actions which are conducted by the specific governmentdepartments, social organizations, individuals, and so on. Thus, different public signsmay adapt different translation approaches.
……………

Chapter Three Pragmatic Failures in Translating......... 33
3.1 Pragmatic Failures .........   33
3.2.1 Pragmalinguistic Failures.........     35
3.2.2 Sociopragmatic Failures .........  36
3.2 Quantitative Analysis of the Collected Data......... 38
33 Pragmalinguistic Failures in Public Sign Translation .........39
3.3.1 Non-equivalent Semantic Connotation .........  39
3.3.2 Non-equivalent Pragmatic Principles .........  42
3.4 Sociopragmatic Failures in Public Sign Translation......... 44
3.5 Summary  ......... 47
Chapter Four Causes of Pragmatic Failures in Translating......... 49
4.1 Causes of Pragmalinguistic Failures.........  49
4. 1 Negative Transfer of Semantic Equivalence......... 49
4.12 Negativ本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。