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1.1 Translation of Public Signs in the West
The translation of public signs is a new field in translational researches. The study ofpublic signs translation in the west has a fairly long history. It can be originated from twoscholars named Vinay and Darbelnet. In the preview part of their book Comparative Stylisticsof French and English, they put forward the research towards the translation of public signs.We can learn from this that their studies towards public signs start from the year 1959.The famous English translation theorist Peter Newmark, based on the theory offunctional linguistics, divides linguistic functions into six parts: expressive function,information function, vocative function, aesthetic function, phatic function and metalingualfunction. Among which, he considers the first three ones as the main functions. According tothe classification of linguistic functions, Newmark also marks discourses off: expressionaldiscourses, such as serious literature, authority speech, autobiography, informal essay and soon; informational discourses, for example, textbooks, magazines, professional reports andacademic essays; vocative discourse, for instance, bulletins, propagandas, advertisements andinstructions. Generally speaking, most of the discourses have more than just one function.Public signs are languages shown to the public. As a communicative tool, they aim toconvey necessary information to the public as to draw their attention and then make themrestrain or regulate their own behaviors. As a result, public signs belong to vocativediscourses.According to different types of discourses,https://www.51lunwen.org/yyfy/org201211011256425631.html Peter Newmark puts forwards two basictranslational methods: semantic translation and communicative translation. Semantictranslation intends to precisely reproduce the original meaning within the range of linguisticstructure of the source language and semantic permission. Communicative translation refersto any translational methods or approaches which consider the process of translation as acommunicative process happening in certain social situationsAlmost every country has public signs. In Ireland and New Zealand, their public signshave quite similar historic, political and cultural backgrounds. In these two countries, you cansee English public signs everywhere. Those bilingual public signs have their practicalsignificance, that is to say, they meet the needs of the public equally. Nowadays, more andmore foreign friends come to China to work and travel. Therefore, we should pay attention tothe translation of public signs.

1.2 Translation of Public Signs in China
The study of translation of public signs has a long history in the west which has alreadybeen mature and regulated. In China, the study towards translation of public signs starts lateand has not yet been normative and systematic. As far as I am concerned, before 21stcentury,there were only a few papers on the translation of public signs. It did not receive enoughattention until after 21stcentury and papers of all kinds appeared afterwards. Therefore, thetranslation of public signs is a brand new field in China.Researches of translation of public signs in China have the following features:1. The study of translation of public signs is developi本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。