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Zhou Qilin 138) Colum McCann uses the metaphor of tightrope walking to represent the 9/11 event. As a historical landscape of the 1970s, the tightrope walking performance presented the meaning of “balance”, while the 9/11 event was characterized by “imbalance”. Let the Great World Spin can be seen as a microcosm of American society in the 1970s, presenting the Vietnam War history as the main thread, and reflecting on the reality of the 9/11 event and the war on terror as the hidden thread. Through the historical trauma, it reflects the human dilemma of contemporary American society, revealing the loss of security and trust among ordinary Americans: the reflection on the capitalist hegemonic ideology, the harm caused by war in a homogeneous traumatic environment, and the paleness of faith in the face of the American spirit. This chapter will interpret the collective memory of the 9/11 event and the imbalance hidden in the novel from two aspects: Zero Ground of Capitalist Privileges and the symbolic violence of ritual landscape. 

Chapter Three Landscape Focalization Change and Individual Memory............41

3.1 Internal-Focalization: Individual Memory of Claire and Gloria ..... 41

3.1.1 Claire’s Inwards Brokenness ................................ 42

3.1.2 Gloria’s Rebellion ................................ 45

Chapter Four The Stage Reconstruction of Memory Landscape ............. 67

4.1 Emotion: Healing Wounds ................................ 67

4.1.1 Claire and the “Trauma Community” ........................... 68

4.1.2 Gloria’s Return across Barriers ............................. 72

Conclusion........................ 89

Chapter Four The Stage Reconstruction of Memory Landscape

4.1 Emotion: Healing Wounds

Cultural Geography has opened up another turn after the “cultural turn” - the “affective turn”, which goes beyond representation and pre-representation experience, affect, emotion and practice, which are non-representational Cultural Geography. Steve Pile’s “Emotions and affect in recent human geography” comprehensively summarizes nine characteristics of affect, including: “Affect occurs not only between people, but also between technologies and organisms outside of humans; affect precedes emotion in time and is located below cognition and consciousness in space; affect connects bodies with each other and flows between them” (Pile 8). “Affect” and “emotion” emphasize fluidity, study the flow of emotions and affect between people and objects, and value intimacy, going beyond superficial relationships to delve into the intimate spaces of everyday life, advocating ethnographic involvement and observation. From the perspective of the “affective turn” in New Cultural Geography and trauma theory, this section analyzes how the Vietnam War soldier’s mother Claire and Gloria tell stories of trauma, reconstruction, and connections with the outside world in the process of participating in the Vietnam War Soldier’s Mother Group; and then crossing multiple obstacles, healing trauma, and achieving trauma and redemption together. 

Conclusion

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