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In the new era of the Anthropocene,the relationship between humans and natureand between humans and other species draw people’s attention.Humans claim that theyare the center of the world and they are more important and prestigious animals thanother non-human animals.It is time for humans to reflect on whether they are of vitalimportance on earth or just one simple species.

To some extent,humans have significantly impacted the development of theprogress of the whole planet especially in the age of the Anthropocene.Since theindustrial revolution in the 19th century,the whole planet has changed a lot.It is true thatgood influences,which include better medical care and high productivity,are indeedbrought about by urbanization and industrialization.However,the acidification and thewarming of the oceans are rapidly corrupting ecosystems in the sea,which results in thedeath of the innocent living things.At the same time,the existence of humans isinterconnected with non-human animals and non-living things.Without those living andnon-living things,humans are not able to exist in the ecosystem.Therefore,humans arenot the center or subject but a species like other non-human animals on earth.

For a long time,the bias of anthropocentrism has presented the binary oppositionbetween humans and non-human animals.The concept of anthropocentrism dates backto ancient Greek.From Protagoras’s idea that“man is the measure of all things”tohumanism’s worship of humanity and reason,humans are more important thannon-human animals in scholars’views.Non-human animals were considered irrationalby the French philosopher Descartes in the 17th century.In Descartes’view,nonhumansare machines that are unable to think or speak.Likewise,medieval religion also placeshumans into the center of the world.

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B.Genetically Engineered Pigoons as Opponents

In Oryx and Crake,the world after the pandemic is a mesh.Human species andnon-human species are equal and connect with each other.The genetically engineerednon-human animal—pigoon—is closely connected with humans.However,unlikeordinary pigs in human life,the relationship between humans and pigoons changes fromhuman control to equality after the pandemic.At that time,the world after the pandemicin the story is a mesh.It is similar to the age of the Anthropocene.Non-human animalslike pigoons show their abilities and power and play the role of enemies and opponents,threatening human survival.Pigoon is only the nickname of the genetically engineeredpig.Its official name is“sus multiorganifer”,and the goal of these pigoons in theOrganInc Farms is to“grow an assortment of foolproof human-tissue organs in atransgenic knockout pig host—organs that would transplant smoothly and avoidrejection,but would also be able to fend off attacks by opportunistic microbes andviruses,of which there were more strains every year”(Atwood,Oryx 25).In effect,theorgan transplant from pigs to humans is not a new project,and it actually took place inreal life in 2022 in the U.S.A,but it finally failed.

Chapter TwoVibrant Non-living Things as Subject

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