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Most of the time force is used in carrying out most tasks. Force is the amount of muscular efforts expanded to perform work. Large amounts of force exerted can result in fatigue and physical damage to the body. A combination of many factors determines the amount of force exerted when moving or handling materials, tools or objects. These factors include load shape, weight, dimension and bulkiness, grip type, position of grip and friction characteristics of the grip, amount of effort required to start and stop the load when moving it which determine how physically demanding it is to accelerate or decelerate the load. Other factors include the amount of time the load is held, carried or handled without a muscle relaxation which determine the length of time of continuous force, the number of time the load is handled per hour or work shift, body posture, amount of associated vibration, resistance associated with moving the load over various surfaces most of the time with rough flooring or with poorly maintained equipment, duration of the task over the work shift, environmental temperature and amount of rotational force like torque from tools or equipment.

When the body presses against hard or sharp surfaces, pressure points or local contact stress points are a result. When the nerves, tendons and blood vessels are close to the skin and underlying bones, they make these areas of the body be more susceptible than others. These body areas include fingers, wrist and forearms, elbows and knees.

Vibration exposure when is continuous or of very high intensity, it becomes of concern. Tools that are vibrating like sanders, grinders, chipper, routers, impact guns, drills, chain saws and circular saw, when used cause exposure to hand-arm vibration. Hand-arm vibration may be increased when one used tools that are not properly maintained or are inappropriate for the task being used for. This results to fatigue, pain, numbness, tingling, increased sensitivity to cold and decreased sensitivity to touch in the fingers, hands and arms.

Recommendations

For optimum worker output at the work place, a few procedures and changes have to be put in place. These will go a log way in ensuring the existence and availability of safety which is a vital aspect in all places of work.

As far as lighting is concerned, the following ought to be put into consideration and practice. There should be increased lighting in all access areas and this includes both indoor and outdoor environments. Wherever desk lamps are available, it is recommended that task lighting is applied. There should be high consideration in task lighting i.e. up to a 60% increase. The source of light should be placed at an angle of 900 to the area of work or computer screen but not behind or directly in front. Screens for glare reduction should also be used on all computers within the working area. The angle of the monitor should be su本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。