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英国的消费支出经济

摘要

在18世纪和19世纪时期，英国是世界上第一个实现工业化的国家，伦敦仍然被认为是世界四大金融中心之一。

从过去三十年经济衰退和增长的过程来看，本文重点研究的是英国 “消费支出”的趋势和对其趋势的分析。根据消费支出的定义，费用是被常驻机构单位用来满足个人的需求或者社区成员的集体需求。在英国，最终消费支出包括最终家庭开支，非营利机构（非营利机构为住户服务）以及政府最终的消费支出。

1948年至2008年的大约60年时间，英国的消费支出以恒定的年度增长率（CAGR）2.36％从280亿美元增长到1135美元亿美元。住户最终消费支出占消费总支出的近70％，占大约整个英国国内66％的生产总值。

UK Economy Consumption Expenditure

Executive Summary

The United Kingdom was the first country in the world to industrialise in the 18th and 19th centuries and still London is considered to be among the four financial capitals of the world.

Focus of the study is trends and analysis of “Consumption expenditure” of UK for the past thirty years through the periods of recession and growth. Consumption expenditure by definition consists of expenditure incurred by resident institutional units on goods or services that are used for the direct satisfaction of individual needs or wants or the collective needs of members of the community. In United Kingdom, Final consumption expenditure comprises of the Final household expenditure, Final consumption expenditure of NPISHs (Non-profit institutions serving households) and Final consumption expenditure by government.

The Consumption Expenditure in UK has grown from $ 280 Billion to $ 1135 Billion from 1948 to 2008 with a constant annual growth rate (CAGR) of 2.36%, over the period of 60 years. Household final consumption expenditure amounts to nearly 70% of the total consumption expenditure and in turn around 66% of the whole GDP of UK.

In this study we have tried to study and analyze the various macroeconomic policies of the UK government which affected the consumption expenditure over a period 30 years from 1975 to 2006. We have divided our paper into 3 major halves: first one describes the concept of consumption expenditure and its trend over the period of 30 years. The second part describes the various government policies in the different time periods and its effect on consumption expenditure. We have divided the time into three periods i.e. from 1970-84 (where the economy went through the severe oil crisis and neo-liberalisation phase of Margret Thatcher), from 1985-96 (in the earlier part of this period economy grew termed as “Lawson boom”, followed a small period to recession in the early 90's) and from 1996-2006(the late 90's included the longest period of sustained growth in the last 150 years of UK , followed by the dot com burst and assets bubble )The third part we have tried to correlate the trends in housing industry in UK to consumption expenditure. Besides this, the housing prices in UK have a significant effect on the consumer confidence and consumption expenditure.

The paper also tries to analyze the hypothesis that there is a direct correlation between the housing prices and household consumption expenditure. It is said that “Aggregate consumption may become more responsive to house prices as older homeowners become an increasing fraction of the population.” The study also tries to study the various mechanisms that are responsible for such co-movement i.e. primarily the wealth effect.

UK Economy:

United Kingdom is one of major developed nations in the world and forms the part of elusive G 8 group. It is a leading trading financial and power centre and forms as one of t本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。