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INTRODUCTION
Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of the interconnection of organizations/individuals that relate to each other through upstream and downstream linkages between the processes that produce value (products and/or services) to the ultimate consumer. The whole process of SCM could be seen as a network which involves all activities of organizations/individuals to final customers. In B2B campaign, the final customers are usually considered as organizations, institutions, governments, etc.. In this kind of business campaign, SCM play as a similar role as it did in other environments, excluding the last link of the supply chain. Currently, it is a trend to extend B2B markets through internet for many companies. E-commerce is tended to be more and more important in B2B marketing. Therefore, SCM in B2B is asked to fit this situation by using ICT and focusing on integrating information and connecting all activities through IT system. This article is about to discuss the definition of SCM and address its functions and activities in B2B by using two different examples.

DEFINING supply chain management
The concept of SCM has come to enhance the subject of Logistics with a more comprehensive treatment that spans the entire value system from suppliers to customers (Handfield & Nichols, 2004). H & N has explained well that SCM start connections from initial suppliers or manufacturers to ultimate customers. In B2B campaign, the ultimate customers are not individuals, but organizations, companies, governments, etc.. SCM in B2B create strong relationships between all parts of the chain.

In fact, the Council of logistics Management has mentioned the importance of strong relationship between industrial parts in supply chain by defining SCM as ‘encompassing the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing and procurement, conversion and all logistics management activities. Importantly it also includes coordination and collaboration with channel partners, which can be suppliers, intermediaries, third party service providers, and customers’. This definition states that essential in SCM is the management of close relationships between firms, which are the core for achieving higher supply chain performance. In fact it has been particularly recognized that SCM is increasingly emphasizing inter-organisational coordination of activities to create competitive advantages (Ballou, Gilbert, & Mukherjee, 2000). Now that inter-organisational relationships are becoming the core in industrial supply chains, it is worthwhile to consider empirical antecedents as well as effectiveness and performance consequences of relationships.

In B2B, SCM is meant to build a cooperation and coordination of inter-organizations. It should not be limited by one organization or one chain. It could be built as a network which even includes suppliers’ suppliers and customers’ customers. Traditional SCM system has no such power to overcome a huge network efficiently. However, the development of internet, IT system and E-business has provided an opportunity to advance and integrate supply chain management. Advanced SCM does not only include traditional functions and performances—designing, forecasting, warehousing, inventory control, delivering, tracing, customer services, and financial control, but also develop all these kinds of services in internet or websites—E-procurement, E-distributing, E-marketing, E-tailing, E-tracing, E-transaction, a本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。