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don’t know Spring Festival very clearly, now let me introduce it to you.( now前缺少连词and )
研究者认为,造成这类错误的原因是不了解句子结构。当句子已包含主语、谓语和其它需要的成分如状语、补语后,句子就应该以句号结束,或通过连词将前后两个小句子联起来。学生由于不清楚这些,觉得要表达的内容还没讲完,就用逗号把前后句隔开,造成句子结构错误。英语中连词很重要,它让内容变得连贯通顺,句子结构变得规范,常见的连词有:and,but,although,because,so,when,while,if,as,whereas等。

 

3. 标点符号和大小写问题。这类问题看上去像小问题,学生常一笑了之,也让老师产生错觉,以为是笔误,但当错误出现多了,一篇作文有多处这类问题,那就不是笔误,是学生没掌握好关于句子结构的语法,而且,研究者发现,许多学生的作文都存在这类问题。常见的错误有以下几种:在一个句子结束后用逗号,在逗号后面大写下一个句子的首字母,所有句子首字母都小写。病句摘录如下(句中可能还存在其它语法问题,暂且不计):a. About this new problem, There are lots of different opinions.(There不应大写首字母)
b. The details of this activity are listed as follows: to begin with, It enable students deepen the understanding of the out world. Secondly, Student study knowledge of books, It most important to relate theory to practice. (It enable中的It不应大写首字母,Student不应大写首字母,books后面应句号结束)
c. the University is a place where we study. tourists my distract students from their study. So pleast keep the university quiet! (the University应变为The university,Tourists应大写首字母)
d. all of the people stop working and have a happiness holiday. eat what they want to eat. Do what they want to do. (all应大写首字母,holiday后应逗号)
e. My dear friend, I want you can come and have Spring Festival with us, I think that it will very well. (with us后应句号结束)
一个句子包含了主语、谓语和其它需要的成分后要以句号结束,句中以逗号隔开,下一个句子开头要大写首字母,这些属于基本语法。研究者认为,造成这类问题的原因是老师和学生对标点符号和大小写缺少重视,老师缺乏监督,学生缺乏笔头练习。

 

4. 结构堆砌。这类问题常涉及多种句式,如定语从句、宾语从句、状语从句,其中定语从句出错率最高。结构堆砌的结果是使句式繁杂、内容分崩离析。以下是病句摘录(句中可能还存在其它语法问题,暂且不计):
a. There are lots of things need us to do. for instants, cleaning houses for the people who is old and living alone, hunting for jobs only by ourselves, visiting the factories which are nearby and the likes.
b. On the contrary, others think it enable the person who lost their opportunities to study at colleges and have great curiosity about college’s life feel satisfied.
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