英语论文网

语法隐喻是发生于语法层面的隐喻化过程,它通过打包句子增大句子密度和信息量。大量语法隐喻的运用造成了水利英语语篇的高度专业化和晦涩难懂现象。笔者提出翻译工作分为理解和重构两个阶段。在理解阶段拆析语法隐喻结构，去隐喻化。在重构阶段将拆析和去隐喻化后的信息按照时间句序重新组织形成译文。同时，对应主要的语法隐喻类别分析和归纳了它们的翻译方法。
Introduction
This thesis keeps a close eye on English for Science and Technology (hereinafter referred to as EST)and its translation. With the development of modern science and technology,EST has become an important English style.EST,referred to any written and spoken language concerned with science and technology,includes in specific:(i)technology works,scientific papers(or technical report), laboratory work reports(or experimental program),etc;(ii)various kinds of scientific and technological information;(iii)operative means for structural and operating procedures description of equipments, instruments,machinery and tools;(iv)relevant conferences,speaking and words for conversation;(v)commentary of relevant audio information in film or video,etc(Dai Wenjin,2003:38).It is the more and more complicated social division which is required by social development that gives birth to the EST.
Scientific and technical translation,as one of important branches of translation，has general characteristics with common English translation. However,compared to literary translation and other applied translations; it has its own features as a unique style used in a special area.Its characteristics in terms of style,wording,translation standard and translation strategies are accordingly different from other translations.Liu Miqing(Liu Miqing,2005:3)points out that the translation studies should meet the needs of national development,and translation categories should be arranged into the following sequences:first,academic translation; second,scientific and technical translation;third,financial,economic and trade translation;fourth,literary translation;and fifth,cultural translation and others.Among the above categories,scientific and technical translation occupies an important place.

Bibliography
Alford,John A.The grammatical metaphor:A survey of its use in the middle ages.Speculum 57,4.728-760.1982.
Banks,David.The evolution of grammatical metaphor in scientific writing.In Simon-Vandenbergen,Anne-Marie,Miriam Taverniers&Louise Ravelli(eds.).Grammatical Metaphor,
Views from systemic functional linguistics.Amsterdam:John Benjamins,2003.
Catford J.C. https://www.51lunwen.org/englishlinguistics/

A Linguistic Theory of Translation.London:Oxford University Press,1965.
Eggins,S.An Introduction to Systemic Functional Linguistics.London: Continuum,1994.
Eugene A.Nida.The Theory and Practice of Translation.Leiden:United Bible Societies,1969.
Halliday,M.A.K.Spoken and written language.Oxford:Oxford University Press,1985.
―――.A Systemic Interpretation of Peking Syllable Finals,P.Tench (ed.).Studies in systemic phonology.London:Pinter,1992.

摘要 5-7
Abstract 7-9
Index to Terminologies 12-13
Index to Tables 13-14
Introduction 14-20
    0.1 Purpose of the Research 16
    0.2 Content of the Research 16-17
    0.3 Significance of the Research 17
    0.4 Framework of the Thesis 17-20
Chapter One Literature Review 20-36
    1.1 Grammatical Metaphor 20-31
        1.1.1 Metaphor 20-21
        1.1.2 Historical Review of GM 21-22
   &nbs本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。