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摘要：Last but not least, this thesis aims to help readers and listeners, especially Chinese Englishlearners, have a better understanding of the degree of the speakers’ responsibility andobligation and the scale of their commitment and permission conveyed by deontic modalityin different types of discourse with the knowledge of deontic modality expressivity in them.

e and is usually realized by many evaluation adjectives and adverbs aswell as perception verbs rather than words of estrangement.Deontic modality expresses the need, behavior or obligation that the speaker feels or isallowed to perform and it is divided into inclination (or intention) and obligation. In addition,there are mainly two ways to express obligation and inclination or willingness of deonticmodality, that is, finite modal operators (namely may, might, can, could, must, shall, should,will, would, ought to, have to, dare and need) and expansion of the predicators (includingadjective phrases and passive verb phrases).
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2.2 Distinction between Deontic Modality and Modal Responsibility
Since deontic modality has become a hot topic in recent years, there inevitably appear someconfusion and misunderstandings about the two related concepts, that is, deontic modalityand modal responsibility. Therefore, we believe it is better for us to clarify the differencebetween deontic modality and modal responsibility before we get started on the study of themin detail.Deontic modality, according to Lyons (1977), is one type of English modality and it refers tothe attitudes toward the things that probably happen from the moral and convention aspects.Moreover, deontic modality can be realized by many modal expressions in concrete discourseor texts to express various modal meanings from obligation, permission, and responsibility tocommitment.As for the concept of modal responsibility, which is one of the modal meanings expressed bydeontic modality, is put forward and defined by Thompson (2008) as “how far the speakerovertly accepts responsibility for the attitude being expressed” (60). It is correspondent withthe orientations in Systemic-Functional Grammar. Regrettably, Halliday hasn’t explained thisconcept explicitly in his book. It is Thompson who makes a comparatively detaileddiscussion of the concept of modal responsibility. After Halliday but with a little difference,Thompson (2008) identifies four points on the degree of modal responsibility, “the extent towhich the speaker openly accepts responsibility for the subjective assessments beingexpressed” (60). Examples of each point for modalization and modulation are displayed inthe following table.
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Chapter 3 Research Methodology ......... 18
3.1 Research Questions .... 18
3.2 Data Collection..... 19
3.3 Research Procedures ........ 22
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion.... 24
4.1 Deontic Modality Expressivity in Political Speeches ...... 25
4.2 Deontic Modality Expressivity in Business English ........ 33
4.2.1 Deontic Modality Expressions Analysis .... 33
4.2.2 Deontic Modality Value Analysis......... 38
4.2.3 Deontic Modality Orientation and Meaning Analysis........ 44
4.3 Contrastive Analysis of Deontic Modality Expressivity........ 46
4.3.1 Expressivity Similarities .... 47
4.3.2 Expressivity Differences .... 49
4.4 Causes for Similarities and Differences ......... 50
4.4.1 Discourse Style Factors...... 50
4.4.2 Pragmatic Factors......... 51
Chapter 5 Conclusion ..... 54

Chapter 4 Results and Discussion

4.1 Deontic Modality Expressivity in Political Speeches
As discussed in previous chapters, deontic modality expressions include finite modaloperators and expansion本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。