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Shakespeare’s comedies are combinations of fantasy and reality.The plots withmultiple clues and layers are often combined into two main plot threads:one is runningin an ideal world which exists in people’s thoughts,and the other is in the real world.InAs You Like It,the court symbolizes the real world of treacherous and deceitful things,where the usurpation of brothers and the exploitation of their property take place,whilethe Forest of Arden represents the magical pastoral world of love and utopia.Thesecond world is a place of carnivalization.

Here is a classic image of the clown:he is the true representative of the old Englishclown in his colored suit and pointy hat with a bell.At the same time,he is aShakespearean clown—silly and wry.He might be capricious,but he has his ownobservations and knowledge,and even an insight into human fallibility and flaws.Shakespeare tactfully uses the character Celia to point out the meaning of the nameTouchstone:a touchstone of wisdom,“for always the dullness of the fool is thewhetstone of the wits,”said Celia(1.2.43-44).

Parody introduces into that discourse a semantic intention that is directly opposed to theoriginal one.The second voice,once having made its home in the other’s discourse,clashes hostilely with its primordial host and forces him to serve directly opposing aims.In parody,there cannot be that fusion of voices possible in stylization;the voices are notonly isolated from one each other,separated by a distance,but are also hostilely opposed.(Bakhtin 193)

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B.Touchstone’s Stylized Discourse with Shepherds and Audrey

Touchstone’s discourses with Corin,William and Audrey reflect the feature ofstylization.Bakhtin reviews in his Problems of Dostoevskys Poetics:

Stylization stylizes another’s style in the direction of that style’s own particular tasks.Itmerely renders those tasks conventional.Likewise a narrator’s narration,refracting initself the author’s intention,does not swerve from its own straight path and is sustained intones and intonations truly characteristic of it.(193)

In the face of non-court people,such as Corin and William,Touchstone speakscoldly and relies on his noble identity unconsciously,because of his identity as courtperson.He evaluates Corin in his conversation with the shepherd,“Truly thou artdamned:like an ill-roasted egg,all on one side”(3.3.22-23).“Most shallow man!Thou worm’s meat in respect of a good piece of flesh,indeed!Wilt thou rest damned?”(3.3.46-47).There is similar sarcasm out of Touchstone.It can be seen that goodeloquence and a sharp mind can make him good at arguing and attacking,but it does notmean that he is unwilling to use and enjoy his satirical status and reputation.With sucha contradictory character,he even can be seemed as a round character.

Chapter TwoCarnivalization and Topographic Features ofTouchstone’s Body

A.Topographic Body of Touchstone on the Stage

Clowns in Shakespeare’s plays are inextricably related to clowns who are active inthe Elizabethan era.They do not necessarily need a stag本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。