英语论文网

Abstract:The theory of Dimensions of Imagery of Cognitive Grammar is used in this paper to explain why Chinese wrongly speak“he”or“she”in oral English. Based on the first dimension of imagery, the focus of the speaker is on the pass of information and word collocation in the process of speaking, therefore the difference of opposite sex in“he”and“she”is neglected. Based on the second dimension, the expression of general meaning in shape is before the expression of specificity. The focus is on the quick release of the concentrated information, so in speaking, attention is not given to the difference in sex of“he”and“she”. Based on the third dimension, the speaker’s coverage of domains is not sharply indicated in the process of speaking in which all the third person singular is shaped as either“he”or“she” without indication of the specific sex. Based on the fourth dimension of imagery, the salience of sex in“he”and“she”is not enhanced.

Key words:oral English,he,she,wrong use,dimensions of imagery

摘　要: 本文运用认知语法的意象层次理论解释中国人在英语口语表达中误用he和she现象。从第一意象层次来看,人们在说英语时,把焦点放在意义传递、词语搭配上,未能注意突出人称he和she的区别;从第二意象层次来看,说话者对于意义的整体表达先于具体程度,此时脑子的焦点是如何将集聚的信息尽快传递出去,而忽视了具体的he和she的性别区分;英语论文网从第三意象层次来看,说话者思维表义覆盖太广泛,无法明确意义管辖范围。具体表现为,只要是第三人称,一律只用he或she,不加以性别区分;从第四意象层次看,表现为“突显度太低”,没有突显he和she这一概念。

关键词: 口语; he;she; 误用; 意象层次

一、引言
在日常英语口语表达中,人们常常把该说she的地方说成he,把该说her的地方说成his。有时则相反,即把该说he的地方说成she,把该说his的地方说成her。这种错误率在中国人的英语口语中很高,而以英语为母语的人士却很少犯这样的错误,这是为什么呢?有一种理论认为这是第二语言习得中的“石化”(fossilization)现象。本文则试图从认知的角度,即用“认知语法”中的意象层次理论来解释这一现象的成因。

二、实证与分析
1. 实例
以下实例均为真实性记载,只是省去了实录过程中的语气词、停顿、重复、提示和提问等。括弧内的词是正确的,均为作者所增添。限于篇幅,下文每个例子只是节选了部分内容,非全过程记录。所插入的标号表示上下文中he或she所提及的次数。
例1.时间:2000年2月23日
学生:某大学英语专业三年级
背景:寒假归来,讲一个有趣的见闻
During the winter vacation, I went to my friend’s place. I am(was) so happy because I have干女儿(an adoptive daughter).She was very lovely. Because (1)he (she) was born on the情人节(Valentine’s Day),so (?) my friend give (gives) (2)his (her ) name called(redundant) Xu Qing.
例2:时间:2000年5月15日
学生:某大学英语专业二年级学生
背景:口语课,复述《英语高级口语》Lesson 18, Reading passage 2Women’s Education Should be Urged Recently a woman in Beijing factory was lost (1)his (her) job. (2)He (She) felt very怕丑(humiliated)so (3)he (she) wants (wanted) to kill (4)himself (herself). (5)He (she) drank(took; swallowed ) a lot of sleeping drug (pills) to kill (6)himself (herself)....
例3:时间:2001年9月
学生:社会领导干部出国前培训,其基本学历均为本科以上,年龄26-38。
背景:英语口语课,第一次上课,自我介绍。
My name is Li Mengyou. There are three person (persons) in my home (family). My wife is(redundant) work (works) in a bank. (1)He (she) very likes (2)his (her) job. (She likes her work very much.) My daughter is ten year (years) old. (2)He (she) goes to school. (3)He (she) goes to primary school. (4)He (she) is very good at English. We often speak in English at home.
My wife say (says) (5)his English (the daughter’s English) is better than me (mine).
例4:时间:2002年4月20日
青年教师:英语专业硕士,任教英语专业1年
背景:和美籍教师通电话
Chinese young teacher: Hello, James. It is WangHua speaking.
James: Hi, Wang Hua. How are you?
Wang: I am fine, and you?
James: Not bad. And how is your family?
Wang: They are very well. How are Helen and Chontell?
James: They are OK. Chontell has become a nice young lady and she has grown one head next to me.
Wang: Oh, really? (1)He (She) has become so tall? Which grade is (本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。