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the applicant has
established his focus on a specific intellectual topic-human memory-so it's not as vaguely trite
as invoking Plato, Descartes, and Kant in the search for truth.
Sample Essay
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Ever since my first psychology lecture, I have been fascinated by the nature of human memory.
Indeed, human memory is one of the most tenacious and enigmatic problems ever faced by
philosophers and psychologists. The discussion of memory dates back to the early Greeks
when Plato and Aristotle originally likened it to a "wax tablet." In 1890, pioneer William James
adopted the metaphorical framework and equated memory to a "house" to which thirty years
later Sigmund Freud chimed that memory was closer to "rooms in a house." In 1968, Atkinson
and Shrifren retained the metaphorical framework but referred to memory as "stores". The fact
that the controversy surrounding human memory has been marked more by analogy than
definition suggests, however, that memory is a far more complex phenomenon than has been
uncovered thus far. I intend to spend the rest of my professional life researching the nature of
human memory and solving the riddle posed yet cunningly dodged by generations of
philosophers and psychologists.
When I first came to psychology, however, I wanted to be a clinical psychologist. Only upon
enrolling in Dr. Helga Noice's Cognitive Psychology course, did I discover the excitement of
doing research. The course required us to test our own autobiographical memory by
conducting an experiment similar to the one run in 1986 by W. Wagenaar. Over the course of
the term, I recorded events from my personal life on event cards and set them aside without
reviewing them. After studying the effect serial position on the recollection of autobiographical
memories, I hypothesized that events that, when I sat down at the end of therm to recall those
same events I had described on the event cards, that events that had occurred later in the
term would be recalled with greater frequency than events that had occurred earlier. Although
the experiment was of simple design and predictable results, I found the processes incredibly
exciting. Autobiographical memory in particular fascinated me because I realized how crucial,
yet fragile, memory is. Why was my memory of even ten weeks so imperfect? What factors
contributed to that imperfection? Could such factors be controlled?
I had ignited my passion for experimental psychology. Suddenly, I had many pressing
questions about memory that I wanted to research. Under the guidance of Dr. Noice, I
continued to study human memory. I worked closely with Dr. Noice on several research
experiments involving expert memory, specifically the memory of professional actors. Dr.
Noice would select a scene from a play and then a professional actor would score it for beats,
that is, go through the scene grouping sections of dialogue together according to the intent of
the character. Some actors use this method to learn dialogue rather than rote memorization.
After they were finished, I would type up the scene and the cued recall test. Next, I would
moderate the experimental sessions by scoring the actor's cued recall for accuracy and then
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