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agmatic Perspective 
Next,  scholars  and  researchers  also  have  done  relevant  studies  from  the  discourse-pragmatic  perspective.  Yu  Hongliang  (1996)  discusses  the  back-shift  rule  in  third-person narrative from the angle of discourse framework. In this way, we can distinguish the subjective description from object description in works. Besides, he claims that the verb form in English possesses a cohesion function in free indirect speech. Zhao Kai&Cao Tingjun(2011) make an analysis of the transformation among persons, tenses and voices in indirect speech from the perspective of projection in deixis theory and point out that the transformation essence is the projection of the deictic point theory. Compared with studies in grammatical perspective and discourse--pragmatic perspective, there is few study from the angle of second language acquisition. Charkova & Halliday (2011) do some research about the influence of second language environment and foreign language environment on the acquisition of tense back-shift in indirect speech. At the same time, they also  compared  the  different  influence  between  native  speakers  and  non-native  speakers. Research indicates that having a good command of indirect speech needs excellent grammar knowledge as well as pragmatic ability. What’s more, it also shows that learners in foreign language environment can use back-shift rules spontaneously, but second language environment is only helpful to develop learners’ awareness in semantic and pragmatic. 
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Chapter Three   Theoretical Framework .... 12 
3.1 Cognitive Reference Point ..... 12 
3.2 Time Model Referred by Reichenbach ......... 13 
3.3 Time Representation in English ..... 15 
3.4 Summary ......... 19 
Chapter Four   Research Design ......... 20 
4.1 Research Questions ........ 20 4.2 Research Method .... 20 
4.2.1 Introduction of the CLEC .... 20 
4.2.2 Statistical Software ...... 21 
4.3 Research Process .... 22
4.4 Summary ......... 24 
Chapter Five   Results and Discussions ...... 25 
5.1 Major Tenses in Main Clause ........ 25 
5.2 The Overall Distribution When Main Clause is T1 ...... 25 
5.3 The Overall Distribution When Main Clause is T5 ...... 27 
5.4 The Specific Distribution When Main Clause is T1 ..... 28 
5.5 The Specific Distribution When Main Clause is T5 ..... 30 
5.6 The Overall Distribution of Tense Choose Errors and Tense Form Errors ......... 32 
5.7 The Specific Distribution of Tense Choose Errors ....... 33 
5.8 The Specific Distribution of Tense Form Errors ........... 34 

Chapter Five Results and Discussions

On the strength of the research designed in the chapter four, we will analyze and discuss the results in the followings. The results show that the major tense are the simple present tense and simple past tense in main clause. The frequency of other tenses is too low to reach a valid result. Therefore, we just analyze TSOT in sub-clause under these two conditions among five sub-corpora, including the overall and specific 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。