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Extension refers to an extending from the original meaning to a more propermeaning of words according to a certain context and expression habits(Xiao&Lou,2014).In the process of translating English to Chinese,the meaning of some word isbeyond its literal meaning in different contexts.If it is rigidly translated from thedictionary,the translation will be difficult to understand and cannot express themeaning of the source text.The vocabulary contains local customs,so it is not enoughto just rely on the dictionary.Thus,in order to make the translation understandableand smooth,the translator needs to further extend the meaning of the word on thebasis of the context and collocation.

Example 1

ST:We cannot be content with‘butterfly collecting’,no matter how beautiful thespecimens are!We must collect data for a purpose and that purpose should be to findan answer,or answers,to an interesting question.

TT:无论呈现出的数据多么漂亮，我们都不能满足于随心所欲的数据收集！必须为了某个目的而收集数据，这个目的应该是为有意义的问题找到一个或多个答案。

Analysis:The author used a metaphor to compare the data collecting to butterflycollecting.It implied that researchers collected data at their own will.In this sentence,“butterfly collecting”can be literally translated as“收集蝴蝶”.However,if thetranslation went this way,the sentence would be incoherent and the meaning of thetranslation would be incomplete.In fact,combined with the context,the source textreferred that the freewheeling collection of data was not desirable,so the data should be collected with questions and purposes.Nida stated“the closest naturalequivalence”(1964:166)which meant that the translator’s purpose was not to give aliteral translation but to be in the target readers’shoes and present the best expressionin their language.Therefore,according to the functional equivalence,the translatorapplied communicative translation and extended the meaning of“butterfly collecting”,so the metaphor was extended here as“随心所欲的数据收集”.

英语论文范文参考

Chapter V Conclusion

The translation report was based on the translation of An Introduction toSociolinguistics(Third edition).It took the translator almost eight months to completethe translation and report.The source text belonged to an informative text.Therefore,the translator chose functional equivalence as the guiding theory,and thecommunicative translation as the main strategy supplemented by semantic translation.The source text contained many proper nouns and long and complex sentences,so thetranslator made more efforts on these parts.The process of translation wastime-consuming and strenuous,however,the translator has benefited a lot from thisvaluable experience.

First,the source text was full of proper nouns which could not find a propermeaning in the dictionaries or other materials.So this process trained the translator tosearch related information and read some parallel texts.For example,in the sourcetext,one of the seven criteria listed by Bell was named“reduction”.It has fourdefinitions according to Oxford Dictionary.A.an act of making sth.less or smaller;the state of being make less or smaller.减少，缩小，降低B.an本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。