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Energy Efficient Link Layer Jamming Attacks against Wireless Sensor Network MAC Protocols
Yee Wei Law Lodewijk van Hoesel Jeroen Doumen Pieter Hartel Paul Havinga
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science
代写英国硕士论文University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
{yee.wei.law, lodewijk.vanhoesel, jeroen.doumen, pieter.hartel, paul.havinga}@utwente.nl
ABSTRACT
A typical wireless sensor node has little protection againstradio jamming. The situation becomes worse if energyefficient
jamming can be achieved by exploiting knowledgeof the data link layer. Encrypting the packets may helpprevent the jammer from taking actions based on the contentof the packets, but the temporal arrangement of thepackets induced by the nature of the protocol might unravel
patterns that the jammer can take advantage of evenwhen the packets are encrypted. By looking at the packetinterarrival times in three representative MAC protocols,S-MAC, LMAC and B-MAC, we derive several jamming attacks
that allow the jammer to jam S-MAC, LMAC andB-MAC energy-efficiently. The jamming attacks are basedon realistic assumptions. The algorithms are described indetail and simulated. The effectiveness and efficiency of theattacks are examined. Careful analysis of other protocolsbelonging to the respective categories of S-MAC, LMACand B-MAC reveal that those protocols are, to some extent,also susceptible to our attacks. The result of this investigationprovides new insights into the security considerationsof MAC protocols.Categories and Subject Descriptors: C.2.0 Computer-Communication Networks: General – Security and Protection
General Terms: Security, algorithms.

Keywords: MAC protocols, security, denial-of-service attacks,jamming, clustering.

1. INTRODUCTION
Jamming-style DoS attacks on the physical and data link
layer of WSNs have in these few years attracted some attention[20, 40, 44, 45]. In particular, Xu et al. [44] propose 4
generic jammer models, namely (1) the constant jammer, (2)the deceptive jammer, (3) the random jammer and (4) the
reactive jammer. A constant jammer emits a constant noise;a deceptive jammer either fabricates or replays valid signals
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on the channel incessantly; a random jammer sleeps for a
random time and jams for a random time; and lastly, a reactivejammer listens for activity on the channel, and in case
of activity, immediately sends out a random signal to collidewith the existing signal on the channel. According to Xu et
al. [44], the constant jammers, deceptive jammers and reactivejammers are effective jammers in that they can causethe packet delivery ratio to fall to zero or almost zero, if they
are placed within a suitable distance from the the victims.However these jammers are also energy-inefficient, meaning
they would exhaust their energy sooner than their victimswould if given comparable energy budgets. Although rando本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。