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s and errors,cohesion devices and writing quality appeared in the writings. By studying the waysstudents apply, the cohesive devices they use and the errors they make, the study isexpected to solve the problems that exit in English major students’ writing, and providesome effective pedagogical implications for the writing teaching.Lastly, the results of present research can be drawn as some empirical evidencesfor cohesion theory, and they are conductive to further construction of the theory.
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Chapter 2 Literature Review and Theoretical Basis

During the past few decades, studies related to the use and effects of lexicalcohesion, the application of lexical cohesion in writing and the application of corpus inwriting have been conducted both at home and abroad. In this chapter, the relevant andmajor studies and theories on cohesion, especially lexical cohesion abroad and at home,will be introduced and illustrated clearly in a critical way.

2. 1 Theoretical Studies on Cohesion and Coherence
As an important topic in discourse analysis, Cohesion has been the interest inacademia ever since it came into existence. The difference between cohesion andcoherence is an important distinction in cohesion studies（Scott A. Crossley, KristopherKyle, Danielle S. McNamara, 2016).The concept of 'cohesion' was first put forward by Jakobson (1957). His book, OnLanguage, is considered as the earliest work elaborating on Cohesion; in which heupholds that the analysis of parallelism caused by structural form and repetition belongsto Discourse Analysis (cited from Hu, 1994). In Introduction to Text Linguistics, DeBeaugrande and Dressler (1981, p.3) claim that cohesion relates to 'the ways in whichthe components of the surface text are mutually connected within a sequence' andcohesion is grammatically dependent.Halliday and Hasan (1976) has made a significant contribution on the developmentof English discourse theory, and they give a general definition of cohesion in the bookof Cohesion in English published in 1976.'The concept of cohesion is a semantic one, it refers to relation of meaning thatexist within the text, and that define it as text. Cohesion occurs where theinterpretation of some element in the discourse is dependent on that of another. Theone presupposes the other, in the sense that it cannot be effectively decoded exceptby resource to it. ' (Halliday & Hasan, 1976, p.21)
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2. 2 Theoretical Studies on Lexical Cohesion
The concepts and views put forward in Cohesion in English, the co-work of M. A.K Halliday and Ruqaiya Hasan, (Halliday&Hasan, 1976) are deemed as 'the mostcomprehensive description and analysis of the text forming properties ofcohesion'(Nunan, 1993). In the book, the definition of lexical cohesion is'the cohesiveeffect achieved by the selection of vocabulary”(1976, p.274), in other words, the use oflexical items in discourse where the choice of an item related to the choices that havegone before' by Halliday and Hasan (Halliday&Hasan, 1976).'Lexical cohesion is a cover term for the cohesion that results from theco-occurrence of lexical items that are in some way or other typically associatedwith one another, because they tend to co-occur in similar environment'(Halliday&Hasan, 2001, p.287).The cohesive effect will be achieved by the occurrence of lexical cohesion which iscarried out by the lexical items having similar s