Chinese morphology in English-Chinese contrast/英汉对比中的汉语形态学浅析 [3]
论文作者:匿名论文属性:短文 essay登出时间:2009-06-08编辑:刘宝玲点击率:8545
论文字数:5000论文编号:org200906081923406309语种:中文 Chinese地区:中国价格:免费论文
关键词:SinigramInfluenceEnglish-Chinese Contrastive StudyChinese Morphological Changes
of how to analyze the grammatical features of the native language in general or common ground of language. Just as what Fang Guangtao mention that the studies of grammar should, on one hand, notice the actual national features of languages, while on the other hand, notice the general common features of grammar. It doesn’t conform to the due scientific attitude and dialectical methodology to unbalanced stress particularity of native grammar or unbalance stress its general common features. Dialectically speaking, both ‘们’and ‘-s’ have their own features. Different from ‘-s’, ‘们’ is only used with the noun referring human, showing as a set, obscurity or an indefinite plural and used on different occasions; Similar with ‘-s’, ‘们’ doesn’t have the independent lexical meaning either, so that it could not appear independently in the sentence and only phonetically mix together with the related noun form attached to. If and only if they combine with the related nouns, the nouns will have plural grammatical meaning. ‘This kind of similarity is essential and important.’(Hu, 1985) They all belong to ‘number’ in grammatical category. Fang Guangtao argued ‘As a language, Chinese shares the general features of any other languages, but it still has its own particularity, and the special ways of morphological changes. In grammatical studies, two things must be considered. One is the general feature as common in Chinese as in any other languages and the other is its particularity. Any one-sided study is unacceptable. This is a basic principle for the Chinese morphological studies.
II.Contrastive analysis about the English ‘word’ and Chinese ‘character’
This contrast is very important for our later discussion, since both are the basic unit of these two languages respectively, involving the studies of any other aspects. ‘Word’ is the English basic unit, while ‘character’ is the Chinese basic unit, and they all determine the features of their own languages respectively. The first thing we should do is to study the similarities and differences between ‘word’ and ‘Chinese character’ before we go on our studies of English-Chinese contrast. Pan wenguo showed his studies about their similarities. 1) They are all the nature units of languages; 2) They are all the basic units for their nations to recognize the world; 3) They are all the level crossings of their language studies; 4) They all play a pivotal role in forming a connecting link between lexicon and syntax.
However, they are only similarities, by which Pan mainly wanted to show his view of ‘character’ being the Chinese basic unit. In fact, the particularity should be much more emphasized in the studies of these two basic units. As basic units of two different languages, it‘s true that they have something in common in certain properties and functions, but it doesn’t mean that they are the same. On most occasions, when English speakers talk about ‘word’, it means ‘character’ in Chinese. To say so doesn’t mean that specific structures of ‘Chinese character’ is the same as, or even similar with, the English ‘word’. Even if they have the similarities, they are still very different in natures and functions, for example, both are the natures of languages, but their natures are completely different. ‘Word is arbitrary, but not discipline-based, while ‘Chinese character’ is descriptive, and discipline-based; both are basic units of recognizing the world, but their ways are different. The way in English is th
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