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Expectancy Violation Theory which examines how the non-verbal information is structured. It advances that violating expectations of other person can be strategy used for conforming to expectancy of another.
Social Exchange Theory says that major aspect of interpersonal relationship is satisfaction of the self-interest of both people which can enhance the relationship.
Symbolic Interaction Theory argues that people can be motivated to act on the basis of meanings which they assign to things, people and events.
Development in employment law:
Basically the human resources management field is influenced greatly by regulatory laws which govern the employment issues. Laws and regulations governs all the aspects of human resource management such as placement, development, recruitment and compensation. The employment law in Kuwait basically prohibits the workers from other countries other than gulf countries and are allowed only when they obtain a working license from the social affairs ministry. Work permit are issued in conditions such as:
When worker holds valid passport
When worker has good conduct
When worker obtains residency permit
When worker entered the country legally
Generally the work permit is valid for two years which is renewed every year and this work permit can be cancelled by the ministry of social affairs at any circumstances where the worker fails to follow the rules and regulations. Unemployed workers can register their details and the ministry might appoint such workers when suitable jobs arise. Priority are given to Kuwaiti workers and then the non-residents. A contract is agreed upon by the employee including the date of joining, terms of contract, salary agreed and nature of work. Labor contract defines the probation period. One of the important labor law is Law Decree No.38 in the year 1980 which is concerned with the civil and commercial law proceedings. There are various laws supporting the labor such as:
Penal Law No 16, 1960
Law No. 38, 1964 which concerns with the labor in private sector
Social Security Law in Law No. 61, 1976 issued by Amiri order
Law Decree No. 28, 1980 to enact the marine commercial law
Law Decree No. 67, 1980 to enact the
civil law
Law Decree No 64, 1987 to establish the labor department
Law No. 56, 1996 for the law of industry
Many regulations are applicable to all the employer employee relationship whatever the size of the company is. Companies of any size should make an effort to follow these regulations as an ongoing process.
Technological Changes:[G1]技术的变化
Technological changes is defined as a term used to describe the entire process of innovation, invention and diffusion. HR managers performs four tasks such as administration, employee advocacy, change management and strategic planning (David Ulrich, 1996).
Technological changes has enhanced the involvement of HR in the business and with the change management. There are three ways in which the technology can improve the human resource management namely:
Technology can streamline the operations
Relations with other departments can be improved through efficient and timely service
Technology can play a role of transformation in removing the barriers outside as well as within the organization (D. Lepak and S. Snell, 1998)
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