英语论文网

楚,提高语言的表达效果,符合新闻报道简洁性的要求。新闻报道越详细、全面,就越受读者的青睐。但是在很多情况下,不可能也没必要把每个细节或复杂背景精确地表述出来,这时借助模糊性词语可以对传递信息就起到积极的作用。例:
The president told thousands of soldiers and relatives gathered outside the headquarters of III Corps. “But this much we do know: No faith justifies these murderous and craven acts. No just and loving God looks upon for what he has done, we know that the killer will be met with justice, in this world and the next”[12]
At a meeting of finance ministers and central bankers from the Group of20 leading economies, held over the last weekend, little progress was achieved in sorting out the thorny issue of how rich countries should help poorer nations, except for an agreement to increase the research fund.[13]
以上例句中的what he has done, little都是一些较为典型的、表示程度的模糊词语,具有高度的概括性,模糊又简洁地为英语新闻报道完成传递信息的任务,避免了在新闻中大篇幅地介绍美国胡德堡陆军基地枪击案枪手的所作所为,以及G20财长和央行行长会议上就一些棘手问题讨论的进展情况。

 

3. 3　表达礼貌
Leech的礼貌原则解释了说话人有意违反合作原则来含蓄地表达自己的真意,是出于礼貌的考虑使话语得体,它包含6项准则,即得体准则、慷慨准则、赞同准则、谦逊准则、一致准则、同情准则[14]。模糊限制语就话题的真实程度和涉及范围对话题作出修正,这种修正往往体现了礼貌原则中的得体、谦逊和一致的准则;它还可以就话题的内容直接作出主观的猜测或提出客观的依据,对话题作间接的评估,这正体现了礼貌原则中的同情、慷慨和赞誉等准则。而新闻报道作为一种间接人际交往方式,相当于书面形式的谈话,新闻报道的主体和读者也是谈话的参与者,所以新闻报道者同样需要注意人际交往中的表达手段。例:
“It should have been at the end of this week,” Bernard Kouchner, the French foreign minister, told France Inter radio,“but I don’t believe that will happen.”[15]
APEC members are reportedly three times more likely to export to others of the group than to a non-member, and two times more likely to import from another member than from a nonmember.[16]
新闻记者适当地使用模糊语言,语言变得模棱两可,保证话语的得体性,使话语更加含蓄委婉、礼貌客气,以免冒犯他人。以上例子中用直接缓和语I believe, likely来表达观点,使作者的观点不那么咄咄逼人,语篇话语具有得体性。

 

3. 4　自我保护
在言语交际中,人们有时不可避免地要对某一事件或现象表达自己的观点和立场。但为了避免话语的绝对化、极端化,人们常使用模糊语言以降低对所说话语所要承担的责任和风险。新闻记者在传递信息的时本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。