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ctrum of views ranging from ‘We will definitely ruji because we have no plans to leave’, through ‘When we ruji, we can move freely, can go to the US or to other countries’ and ‘We will see’,to ‘What’s the use of getting the citizenship?’. These replies have to be understood in light of a variety of factors, including their*possibly evolving* goals with regard to immigration, settlement experiences in Canada, attitude towards return migration, and their particular professional circumstances. Jiansheng, a social scientist in a state research institute, divulged: I’m very pragmatic. If a university or a Canadian governmental department is recruiting and I really want the job, then I may ruji.8 Otherwise, it does not matter to me whether I ruji as there is not a difference economically. If I can’t find a job here and I return to China to find a job, then having the [Canadian] citizenship is instead troublesome because you can’t go back to find a job since the job you can find is restricted to those in foreign companies and not in China’s state enterprises or its government departments. In contrast, Cheryl*formerly employed in a Canadian company in China* perceived a strategic advantage in possessing Canadian citizenship in China: I am still zhongguoren [Chinese national]. I am still me [laughs]. I don’t have anything different. I only have an additional three years of Canadian experience. Working in Canada these three years, I have Canadian working experience. Second, I have acquired Canadian citizenship, my status (shenfen) changes. Do you know? It equals changing my status (shenfen). Were I to go back to China, the opportunities I have are: firstly, if I were to return to a foreign company for employment, people may feel that, since I have returned from overseas, since I have worked overseas, then I must have overseas experience, my ability, thinking and experience must be more advanced, it must be higher. Another point is that it may have a more direct advantage*my income may be different from the locals [Chinese citizens].
Journal of Ethic and Migration Studies 815 Haojie further pointed out: The Chinese government is cleverer now. No matter what, if you are rich or you have a high degree, then they will accept you as residents. If so, then why don’t you ruji since you can go back to be zhongguoren if you do return to China. You are giving yourself an additional option. Thus I will definitely ruji when the time comes, I will not dwell further on it. I have many friends who dwell on it. Because after you ruji, if your financial ability or other areas are not adequate, that is, they are still unsure, still thinking of going back, if you ruji, it will bring you a lot of trouble. China’s dual residence is not open to everyone; you have to have either talent or money. If not, when you go back, your child has no hukou [household registration status], and will be considered as a foreign national’s child, and will have to pay very high education fees. Reflecting a concern that several other respondents held, Gerald remarked: Giving up [Chinese citizenship] forces them to become Canadians. Actually, if you recognise dual citizenship, then I am still zhongguoren, just that I have two passports. If I want to return to China, I can. If I want to stay here, I can. That is, I have two homes, right? If you do not have such political permission, then one is forced to be ‘non-Chinese’. Of course, there is a historical basis for this, but n