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　　1.1 Background of the Research研究背景
　　大家都承认，学者和研究人员的重视，翻译的诗歌和小说在中国文学翻译研究中，即使在西方世界。著名的翻译理论家巴斯内特（2004年：114）曾经说过，但有一个大量的工作，“虽然周围的诗歌翻译辩论的问题，远远lesstime已用于研究的具体问题，文学翻译散文”。It is well acknowledged that scholars and researchers have paid much attention to thetranslation of poetry and fiction in literary translation studies in China even in the westernworld. The famous translation theorist Bassnett (2004: 114) once said that “Although thereis a large body of work debating the issues that surround the translation of poetry, far lesstime has been spent studying the specific problems of translating literary prose”. It isadmitted that although the descriptive or commentary researches on prose translation arefrequently found in journals and theses recently, the theoretical and systematic researchesof prose translation are scare.https://www.51lunwen.org/translation/ The most difficult problem for the translator is to reconstructthe “aesthetic qualities” in prose translation according to the features of prose. Therefore,how to realize aesthetic construction in literary translation is a very important and difficultsubject for translation studies.Historically speaking, different perspectives and phases exist in translation studies.From the very beginning and through most periods of translation studies, translationstudies have been considered as a sub-branch of linguistic studies and carried out in theproduct-oriented way. Ever since the 1960s, the notion of dynamic equivalence proposedby Nida (1964:159) was regarded as a milestone in his days. Catford’s distinction between“formal correspondence” and “textual equivalence” was more general and abstract thanthat of Nida which he defines as follows:A textual equivalence is any TL text or portion of text which is observed on aparticular occasion, by methods described below, to be the equivalent of a given SL text orportion of text. (Catford, 1965: 27)Semantic translation and communicative translation proposed by another famoustranslation theorist Peter Newmark (1981: 62) were also vital to translation studies.The above mentioned translation theories proposed by these three outstandingtranslation scholars can be classified as linguistic study approach. It can be said that thelinguistic approach of translation studies have promoted the development of translationtheory and practice indeed, but there are some shortcomings of this approach. It neglectsthe influence of cultural elements as well as the translator’s cognitive factors in the processof translation.From the 1990s, the importance of culture is widely recognized by translationscholars. Many scholars such as Bassnett & Lefevere (1990), Fawcett (1995) and Robinson(1995), etc, all have proposed different translation theories from the perspective of culture.Although the external factors of cultural elements are taken into consideration by thesescholars, the internal factors of the mental state of the translator are still unexplored.From the perspective of cognitive science, some new translation theories emergedsuch as Think-aloud Protocols proposed by Ericsson and Simon (1993) or RelevanceTheory put forward by Sperber and Wilson (2001). However, the problem of on-linemental process of the translator is unsolved. T本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。