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y the Chinese character “被”, usually implies a negative and unfortunate situation (Li Zongjiang, 2004). In the Chinese language, non-subject sentences are used to emphasize objectivity (Chen Meilian, 2006). In Example 1, if the ST is directly translated as “本文所述功能可被编程模块或组件实现”, the sentence is grammatical but unacceptable for Chinese readers. Considering the logical structure of the Chinese language, the translator converts the passive voice into the active voice through a non-subject sentence. 

5. Conclusion

5.1 Findings and Implications

5.1.1 Findings

The ST, Autonomous Vehicle with Independent Auxiliary Control Units, demonstrates an auxiliary control unit used for coupling with specific or predefined situations for fear of accidents. By translating the text, the translator found that the ST is characteristic of specialized terms, unusual meanings, and conversions of parts of speech. And it also utilizes much passive voice, negative voice, subject-prominent structure, postpositive attributes, and long sentences. All of these features make the text difficult to translate. 

Under the guidance of Catford’s Translation Shift Theory, the ST mainly covers four kinds of shifts: Structure shifts often include shifts between passive-voice and active-voice, positive-voice and negative-voice, subject-prominence and topic-prominence, and prepositive attributes and postpositive attributes; class shifts include shifts among different parts of speech, like nouns and verbs, adjectives and verbs, and adverbs and nouns; unit shifts include shifts among groups, sentences, and words, and intra-system shifts are usually used to translate some terms or common words with unusual meanings. Each situation covered by the theory is well guided to produce a qualified translation.

During the task, the translator found that Catford’s Translation Shift Theory is qualified to guide automobile-English text translation. Based on a comprehensive theory, this theory covers a wide range, which can deal with various translation difficulties. And it also boasts strong operability, offering effective guidance to translation practice. As Catford’s translation theory attaches great importance to the meaning, it not only possesses capability in the automobile-English text translation but also has enormous potential in other technical text translation.

reference(omitted)

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