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摘要：本文以西方经典电影傲慢与偏见为例，基于Austin和Searle的言语行为理论﹑Brown & Levinson的“面子理论”以及Leech的“礼貌原则”的理论，通过对其若干典型的对话片段的研究，从性别差异的角度对两性在实施拒绝言语行为时的策略选择进行了研究，旨在发现他们之间的异同以及出现差异的原因。

( c)Approbation Maxim:

Minimize dispraise of other;

Maximize praise of other.

( d)Modesty Maxim:

Minimize praise of self ;

Maximize dispraise of self.

( e ) Agreement Maxim:

Minimize disagreement between self and other;

Maximize agreement between self and other.

(f) Sympathy Maxim:

Minimize antipathy between self and other;

Maximize sympathy between self and other.

( Leech. 1983:132)

Leech’s politeness principle seems to be simple, but it can still contribute to the effective interpretation of certain use of refusal strategies.

Chapter 3 Gender Differences in Refusal Stragegeies in Movie Pride and Prejudice

Refusal is a frequetly used speech act which would threaten the addressee’s face. In order to conduct the act of rejection tactfully, people will take various kinds of ways to minimize the harm of face-threteaning and show one’s politeness. In other words, we can say people will take various kinds of refusal strategies to save face of others.

Generally speaking, refusal strategies can be divided into two major categories: verbal strategies and non-verbal strategies, which differ in that the former involves the use of language while the latter does not.

3.1 Verbal Strategies

Verbal communication is used to express emotion, to teach and to inspire. Using verbal communication strategies can help improve your verbal communication skills and effectiveness. Implement different strategies to achieve the goal of accurately relaying a messages and ensuring you’re hearing the proper message being sent back to you. Verbal strategies can be further divided into two sub-categories: direct and indirect refusal strategies.

3.1.1 Direct refusal

Direct refusal is a strategy of using explicit and unambiguous expressions such as "No…"or " I refuse to…" to directly convey the intention of refusal. There are some samples from the movie. For exemple:

The main characterElizabethis an optimistic, brave, beautiful 16-year-old girl. At the ball when she first meets Mr. Darcy, a noble with ￡10,000 income a year and half of Derbyshire, she invites him to have a dance, but is refused as follows:

(1)Elizabeth: Do you dance Mr Darcy?

Darcy: Not if I can help it.

As a noble man with rich estate, Darcy is very arrogant and self-conceited, so he refusesElizabethdirectiy without taking any softening strategies to save the her face, which would necessarily result inElizabeth’s prejudice against him.

With the development of the plot, Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy fell in love. But Mr. Darcy’s Aunt Lady Catherine wants her own daughter to marry Mr. Darcy, so she goes for本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。