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重商主义是16世纪的经济哲学,重商主义认为一个国家的财富是衡量主要是看持有的金银的多少(马奥尼特里格,格里芬,&普斯泰,1998)。这使国家通过促进出口,抑制进口来最大化它的出口和进口之间的区别。16世纪的商业政策是让别国人从你这里购买更多的商品,那么外国人必须支付你金银，这样一来造成的差异,让你积累更多的财富。随着商业领域所获得的财富可以建造更大的军队,海军,因此扩大全球影响力的国家。政治上,重商主义是受许多生产和员工的欢迎的。出口导向型制造商青睐的重商主义贸易政策,如给予补贴或退税,刺激他们销售给外国人产品。国内制造商受到外国进口支持重商主义贸易政策,比如征收关税或配额,使他们免受外国竞争(马奥尼特里格,格里芬,&普斯泰,1998)，大多数的社会成员都享受这些政策。政府选择行业补贴的出口是由纳税人支付的。重商主义术语今天仍在使用,当电视评论员和报纸头条报道说到重商主义—是一个国家遭受不利的平衡,其出口小于进口。

The Economic Philosophy Of Mercantilism Mercantilism Economics Essay

Mercantilism Mercantilism was a sixteenth-century economic philosophy that maintained that a countrys wealth was measured by its holdings of gold and silver (Mahoney, Trigg, Griffin, & Pustay, 1998). This recquired the countries to maximise the difference between its exports and imports by promoting exports and discouraging imports. The logic was transparent to sixteenth-century policy makers-if foreigners buy more goods from you than you buy from them, then the foreigners have to pay you the difference in gold and silver, enabling you to amass more treasure. With the treasure acquired the realm could build greater armies and navies and hence expand the nations global influence. Politically, mercantilism was popular with many manufactures and their workers. Export-oriented manufacturers favoured mercantilist trade policies, such as those giving subsidies or tax rebates, which stimulated their sales to foreigners. Domestic manufacturers threatened by foreign imports endorsed mercantilist trade policies, such as those imposing tariffs or quotas, which protected them from foreign competition (Mahoney, Trigg, Griffin, & Pustay, 1998). Most members of society are hurt by such policies. Government subsidies of exports for selected industries are paid for by taxpayers. Mercantilist terminology is still used today, an example when television commentators and newspaper headlines report that a country suffered an unfavourable balance of trade-that is, its exports were less than its imports. Mercantilist policies are still politically attractive to some firms and their workers, as mercantilism benefits certain members of society. Modern supporters of these policies are known as neo-mercantilists, or protectionists (Mahoney, Trigg, Griffin, & Pustay, 1998). The mercantilists were a group of economists who preceded Adam Smith. They judged the success of trade by the size of the trade balance (Lipsey, & Chrystal, 1996).

Absolute Advantage

The theory of absolute advantage, suggests that a country should export those goods and services for which it is more productive than other countries, and import those goods 本论文由英语论文网提供整理，提供论文代写，英语论文代写，代写论文，代写英语论文，代写留学生论文，代写英文论文，留学生论文代写相关核心关键词搜索。